In reality, sex toys are generally considered safe when used correctly and when made from body-safe materials. There is currently no scientific evidence to suggest that the use of sex toys directly affects fertility. They do not interfere with sperm production, egg quality, ovulation, or the ability to conceive.

Dr. Sulbha Arora, clinical director & fertility specialist, Nova IVF Fertility, Andheri, Mumbai, says, “Fertility is influenced by many factors, including age, hormonal balance, overall health, and underlying medical conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, or male factor infertility. The use of sex toys does not play a role in these biological processes.”

“However, hygiene and product quality are important considerations. Improper cleaning of sex toys can increase the risk of infections. Bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections (candidiasis), and urinary tract infections (UTIs) may occur if devices are not cleaned properly after use. Recurrent infections, if left untreated, could increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which in some cases may affect reproductive health.” Adds Dr Arora.

Dr Rita Modi, Senior Consultant Fertility Health Specialist, Motherhood Fertility & IVF says, “Sex toys are often used by many on a day-to-day basis. They are safe and may not directly hurt the fertility or interfere with ovarian function, hormone levels, or impact pregnancy. Unfortunately,  it can be concerning when safety and hygiene protocols are not followed, which is commonly seen in many people. Failure to clean the device, sharing toys mindlessly with friends,  improper storage, and harsh usage can lead to vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections, or urinary tract infections (UTIs) that can harm reproductive health and overall well-being.  Many will be at risk of repeated infections if left untreated. Some may also experience complications like pelvic inflammatory disease, which will need immediate treatment."

She "Don’t just go with the trend and use toys because they are much hyped. If you wish to experiment, then be cautious, aware, ensure safety, choose body-safe materials, follow strict hygiene, and avoid unsafe products that have sharp edges and can cause internal injuries. Poorly made items may break during use, and there can be potential lacerations. Women experiencing discomfort, pain, or recurrent infections should seek timely gynaecological advice. Make sure to go for products made from medical-grade silicone, borosilicate glass, or stainless steel. So, take charge of your reproductive health.”

Additionally, irritation or minor injuries caused by improper use may lead to discomfort or infection and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional if symptoms persist. Another concern is the use of low-quality or non-certified products made from unsafe materials, which may contain chemicals that can irritate sensitive genital tissues.

Safe Use Tips

To minimise risks and ensure safe use, consider the following precautions:
1. Choose products made from body-safe, medical-grade materials
2. Always clean the device before and after every use according to manufacturer instructions
3. Avoid sharing sex toys to reduce the risk of infection
4. Store them properly in a clean, dry place
5. Do not use products that are damaged or worn out
6. Seek medical advice if you experience pain, irritation, or unusual symptoms

With proper hygiene and responsible use, sex toys can be a part of a healthy sexual life without posing a risk to fertility.

Being informed and following basic safety practices can help individuals make confident decisions about their sexual health without unnecessary worry.

Battling Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a chronic autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues and organs, the woman had been on prolonged steroid therapy that significantly weakened her immunity over the years. 

The compromised immune state eventually led to a rapidly progressing Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), a critical condition in which the lungs fail to deliver adequate oxygen to the body. As her respiratory failure worsened, doctors at Manipal Hospital Broadway had to initiate advanced ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) support - a highly specialised life-saving intervention reserved for the most critical cases. 

The complex case was managed through a coordinated multidisciplinary effort led by Dr. Susruta Bandyopadhyay, head of Department – ICU & Critical Care, Dr. Ashok Verma, HOD – Cardiac Anaesthesia & Cardiac Critical Care, and Dr. Shambhu Vishal, Consultant – Internal Medicine, at the hospital.

The elderly woman was rushed to the emergency department in an extremely unstable condition, presenting with persistent high fever, acute breathing distress, severe upper abdominal pain, and an alarming episode of coughing up blood. On arrival, she was found to be in circulatory shock a dangerous medical state where critically low blood pressure compromises blood flow to vital organs.

Recognising the gravity of the situation, the critical care team immediately initiated emergency medications to stabilise her blood pressure while simultaneously providing advanced respiratory support. Despite aggressive treatment, her condition deteriorated rapidly over the next few hours. She was initially managed with non-invasive respiratory assistance, but worsening oxygen levels soon necessitated invasive ventilator support.

Even advanced interventions such as prone ventilation where patients are positioned on their stomach to improve oxygenation failed to produce the desired response. As her lungs continued to collapse under severe inflammation, the medical team conducted an urgent multidisciplinary evaluation and counselled the family regarding the extremely high-risk nature of her condition before proceeding with Veno-Venous ECMO support.

ECMO, often considered the final line of support in severe respiratory failure, temporarily takes over the function of the lungs by circulating blood outside the body through an artificial lung that adds oxygen and removes carbon dioxide before returning it back to the patient. This allows the damaged lungs crucial time to rest and recover. The woman remained on ECMO support for nearly two weeks, during which the team maintained ultra-protective ventilator settings to prevent further lung injury while continuing intensive monitoring, targeted antibiotics, and comprehensive critical care management round the clock.

Speaking about the case, Dr Bandopadhyay said, “The patient had reached a stage where even maximum ventilator support was failing to maintain oxygen levels. It was a race against time. ECMO gave us a crucial window to allow the lungs to rest and recover while we continued aggressive treatment for the infection. Managing such a critically ill patient required constant monitoring, rapid decision-making, and seamless coordination among multiple departments. Seeing her recover and return home safely was truly rewarding for the entire team.”

Dr Verma stated, “ECMO is one of the most advanced forms of life support used in patients with severe lung failure when conventional treatment no longer works. In this case, managing the patient was extremely challenging because of severe inflammation, unstable blood pressure, recurrent infections, anaemia, and the constant risk of both bleeding and clotting during ECMO support. Maintaining the right balance of anticoagulation while ensuring adequate oxygenation is required, continuous monitoring and precision-driven care. The patient also underwent a tracheostomy to facilitate prolonged ventilator support more safely and comfortably. The successful recovery reflects the strength of multidisciplinary teamwork, timely intervention, and advanced critical care support available at our hospital.”

Dr Vishal added, “The patient came to us in a very critical condition with severe breathing difficulty and serious infection. Her existing health condition and reduced immunity made the treatment even more challenging. Despite intensive treatment and ventilator support, her condition continued to worsen, following which VV ECMO support was started as a life-saving measure. With continuous monitoring, dedicated critical care support, and coordinated teamwork, the patient gradually recovered and was eventually discharged in a stable condition without any external support. This outcome reflects the resilience of the patient and the dedicated, coordinated efforts of our entire medical team.”

Dr Nadkarni was admitted to a Mumbai hospital, they added.

Maharashtra Deputy Chief Minister Eknath Shinde mourned his death, calling him a multifaceted figure.

Born in Maharashtra`s Jalgaon district, he was known for bridging the gap between clinical medicine and social welfare. In 1990, he established the non-profit IPH in Thane, which now houses over 70 mental health professionals.

He was also a founder and trustee of the Pune-based Muktangan Rehabilitation Center, the sources said.

Dr Nadkarni authored 17 books in Marathi, some of which have been translated into English and Braille. The Maharashtra education board has included his writings in the 9th-standard Marathi textbook, they said.

He had also served as a consultant for the National Award-winning film "Devrai" and the state award-winning "Kadachit", IPH said.

"Dr Nadkarni was a person who took the concept of mental health to every conceivable social strata. From sessions on Hindu philosophy and history to composing inspiring albums for students, his multidisciplinary approach was unparalleled," a colleague said.

He is survived by his family, including his wife and son. His funeral will be held in Thane in the afternoon, IPH said.

Deputy CM Shinde said the news of Nadkarni`s passing was "extremely shocking".

In a message on X, Shinde said, "Dr Nadkarni, endowed with boundless energy and a cheerful personality, was the beloved son of Thane. For the past three-and-a-half decades, he worked tirelessly in the field of psychiatry."

The deputy CM said Nadkarni helped stabilise the lives of thousands of people struggling with mental health issues through IPH. He noted that Nadkarni, along with late Dr Sunanda Avchat, established Muktangan in Pune, which became a model for voluntary organisations working in the social sector.

"With Dr Nadkarni`s passing, we have lost an exceptional psychiatrist, litterateur, poet, playwright, actor, musician, tabla player, painter, social worker and practitioner of philosophy," Shinde added.

This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.

The change has brought out a positive reaction from women across India and the globe, who are happily sharing it on social media, and rightly so. It is because the disorder that is known to affect 1 in 8 women around the world was primarily focusing on cysts and ovaries, when it is a much more complex hormonal and endocrine disorder requiring a multidisciplinary approach, and better late than never, especially for those women who suffer with it, affecting their daily lives. 

Mumbai doctors react 

“The proposed change from PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) to PMOS (Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovary Syndrome) is a welcome and necessary update. For years, “PCOS” has been misleading because not every woman with this condition has cysts in their ovaries,” Dr Sujata Rathod, who is the senior consultant—obstetrician & Gynaecologist, KIMS Hospitals in Thane said. 

The disorder, she says, is more about metabolism and hormones than the name suggests. “The new term highlights the broader issues, including insulin resistance, inflammation, weight changes, and long-term metabolic risks. This update was overdue because it helps women see that this is not just a “period problem,” she adds. 

It is not only Dr Sujata but also Dr Kajal Parikh with mid-life clinic NuHer, who is another city-based gynaecologist, that is happy about the change. She shares, “The overall understanding is that endocrinology in PCOS plays a huge role in rectifying or reversing the disease and that it`s a syndrome that affects metabolic health along with hormonal health and reproductive health.”

She highlights, “PCOS was in a way misleading and was leading to inaccuracy in diagnosing patients. PMOS rightly addresses the Endocrine, Metabolic and ovarian dysfunction, making it a multisystem disease. The change will aim at improving understanding, reducing stigma, and enhancing long-term care. This will lead to better awareness programs too.”

Will there be a change in treatment approach?

Even though the change has been made, will it affect the way PCOS is treated? The city-based women`s health expert, who specialises in Minimal Access Surgery and Reproductive Endocrinology, says, “The diagnostic and therapeutic criteria have not changed, and hence the treatment profile will stay the same. This change only helps in creating an environment of understanding from a multidisciplinary point of view." 

Dr Sujata, confirms, saying, “The treatment approach may not change dramatically right away, but attitudes toward management will shift. Traditionally, many women focused on irregular periods or fertility issues. With PMOS, we start to focus more on metabolic health, such as improving insulin sensitivity, preventing diabetes, managing cholesterol, and lowering cardiovascular risk. It promotes a more complete and preventive approach instead of just treating symptoms.”

Common misconceptions about PCOS

The change comes at a time when there are still several misconceptions about PCOS, now called PMOS. The Thane-based gynaecologist highlights, “One major misconception is that PCOS only affects overweight women. Lean women can also have serious hormonal and metabolic issues. Another myth is that women with PCOS cannot conceive naturally, which is false. Many women manage the condition successfully and have healthy pregnancies. People also mistakenly think it only involves facial hair or acne, while the condition can also significantly impact mental health, metabolism, sleep, and long-term wellness.” 

Dr Kajal says one of the most common misconceptions that she has encountered is that many people believe that PCOS occurs only in the reproductive age group and only a gynaecologist is the right person to direct treatment. She busts the myth saying, “It`s a disease ranging from adolescence to adulthood and requires assessment of the complete spectrum of a women’s health. People also believe that birth control pills can be the treatment of choice and that is another stigma attached to its treatment. There is also a misunderstanding that its irreversible and has a poor outcome and one must live with it has made patients go on a back foot for accessing treatment.”

Why PCOS shouldn’t be taken lightly

Dealing with these misconceptions is why PCOS, now changed to PMOS, shouldn’t be taken lightly, say experts. Dr Kajal explains, “Since it is well established that PCOD is a metabolic and endocrinology dependent disease, it’s important to treat it early on to avoid long-term side effects and disruptions from a reproductive as well as endocrinology standpoint. Earlier diagnosis and co-ordinated care can improve outcomes dramatically. The overall health and wellbeing of the patient is based on targeting the treatment at the right age bracket and not too late.” 

Dr Sujata further explains, “PCOS is not just a cosmetic or reproductive concern. If left unmanaged, it can raise the risk of type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, high blood pressure, infertility, and even endometrial cancer in some cases. Hormonal imbalances affect many organs and systems in the body. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial because the effects often develop slowly and quietly.” 

Causes and symptoms of PMOS

The Thane-based gynaecologist says PCOS arises from a combination of genetics, insulin resistance, lifestyle choices, stress, and hormonal imbalance. She adds, “Common symptoms include irregular periods, acne, weight gain, excessive hair growth, hair thinning, and difficulty getting pregnant. However, often overlooked symptoms include anxiety, depression, sleep problems, fatigue, and a higher risk of metabolic disorders. Many women suffer for years without realising these symptoms are linked.”

On the other hand, Dr Kinjal says the obvious irregular cycles and acne will bring the patient to a gynaecologist or a dermatologist; however, there is more. She highlights, “The silent variations in androgenic access, insulin resistance, disproportionate weight gains not in accordance with lifestyle, metabolic disorders, thyroid disorders, hypertension, fatigue, infertility, mood swings, sleep disturbance, sleep apnoea and many more are many such symptoms that can be easily misdiagnosed and poorly treated if not assessed well.” 

Managing PCOS with lifestyle changes

Both the city-based experts believe PCOS can be managed with lifestyle changes. Dr Sujata explains, “Lifestyle changes are central to management. Regular exercise, balanced nutrition, sufficient sleep, stress control, and maintaining a healthy weight can greatly improve symptoms and hormone levels. Even small, consistent changes can have a significant impact. Medication may help in some instances, but lasting lifestyle habits truly lead to better long-term results.” 

Lifestyle holds a clear role in managing PCOS/PMOS symptoms and treatment, highlights Dr Kajal. “The entire treatment profile is based on correcting the endocrinology of either hyperandrogenism or insulin resistance or weight and inflammatory-related symptoms. The treatment profile requires a clear understanding of a non-inflammatory lifestyle with musculoskeletal training for a better treatment outcome. Lifestyle changes in PCOS are non-negotiable,” she concludes.

The condition had led to the displacement of multiple abdominal organs into the chest cavity, resulting in critical compression of the right lung and a severe impact on her ability to breathe.

The woman had been experiencing persistent breathlessness, which had progressively worsened to the point where even minimal movement became difficult. Her medical history revealed a traumatic injury at the age of 12, considered a likely contributing factor.

Clinical evaluation, followed by advanced imaging, confirmed extensive herniation of the liver, stomach, duodenum and colon into the right side of the chest. This had caused a marked mediastinal shift along with significant compression of the right lung. Her morbid obesity further increased the complexity of the case.

Diaphragmatic hernias of this scale are extremely uncommon in adults and carry a high degree of surgical risk. In this instance, the diaphragmatic defect measured approximately 20 centimetres at its largest dimension. This allowed even the entire liver to migrate into the thoracic cavity, severely compromising respiratory function. There are very few cases, that is 173 documented in the world till date. In India this is the 1st operated case of Massive and giant diaphragmatic hernia of its kind in an adults with a defect of 20 cms.

Given the extent of organ displacement and the prolonged duration of the condition, the case required meticulous planning and close coordination across specialties. A multidisciplinary team led by Dr Vimesh Rajput, Consultant Thoracic Surgery and Dr Nilesh Doctor, Director (Administration) Surgical Gastroenterology undertook the surgery. Anaesthesia was managed by Dr Mohit, Consultant Anaesthesiology intensive care was led by Dr Shruti Tandon, Addl. Director Critical Care and physiotherapy support was provided by Dr Usha Kasare, Consultant Physiotherapy.

The procedure lasted nearly 10 hours. It was initially attempted laparoscopically but had to be converted to an open approach due to dense adhesions between the liver, diaphragm and lung. Through an abdominal approach, the surgical team carefully mobilized and repositioned the herniated organs back into the abdominal cavity. The diaphragmatic defect was kept open to be repaired via Thorax, while tight closure of the abdominal muscles was deliberately avoided to control intra-abdominal pressure and reduce the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome.

This was followed by a thoracic phase using video assisted thoracoscopic surgery, where the diaphragmatic hernia was repaired in two layers of Mesh to ensure structural stability.

Speaking about the case, Dr. Vimesh Rajput Consultant Thoracic Surgery at Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre said, “As the thoracic surgeon, my focus was on carefully dissecting the dense adhesions and repairing the large diaphragmatic defect. The organs had remained displaced for so long that restoring normal anatomy required extreme precision and patience. Using video-assisted thoracoscopic techniques, we ensured structural stability with 2 layered mesh placement. It was a demanding process, but seeing the patient regain her breathing capacity made every hour of the surgery worthwhile.”

Reflecting on the case, Dr. Nilesh Doctor Director- Administration of Surgical Gastroenterology explained, “My role was to mobilise and reposition the liver, stomach, and bowel, which had migrated into the chest cavity. The 20 cm diaphragmatic defect was massive, and repairing it required meticulous planning. We reduced the abdominal herniated contents back to abdomen, didn’t close the muscles of abdomen as it was difficult to close, instead we used mesh in the abdominal wall as well so that the intra-abdominal pressure must not rise. It was a complex challenge, but restoring the patient’s anatomy and laying the foundation for her recovery was deeply rewarding.”

The postoperative course remained critical and required prolonged intensive care support. The patient was on mechanical ventilation for 9 days and subsequently underwent a tracheostomy. Her recovery involved the management of pneumothorax and Respiratory care, which required advanced antibiotic therapy. Gradual respiratory rehabilitation along with nutritional support played a crucial role in stabilizing her condition and supporting recovery.

Despite the complexity of the surgery and the demanding postoperative phase, the patient showed steady improvement. Over nearly three weeks, she gradually resumed oral intake and regained mobility. At the time of discharge after 22 days of hospitalization, she was able to walk on a treadmill for 20 to 30 minutes without oxygen support.

Recounting her experience, the woman said, “I remember reaching a point where even breathing felt like an effort, and that fear stayed with me as I went into surgery. Waking up on support and then facing complications like infection was overwhelming, but the well-trained doctors and nurses were the reason for my healthier recovery. Walking on treadmill was an achievement for me where a normal breathing once was impossible.” 

Researchers and supporters of the change said the old name, often shortened to PCOS, is inaccurate. It reduced a complex hormonal or endocrine disorder to a misunderstanding about cysts and a focus on ovaries, contributing to missed diagnoses and inadequate treatment, said the Endocrine Society, a global group of physicians and scientists.

“The thought behind that is that one, there’s no cysts in the ovary, so it’s very confusing,” said Dr. Melanie Cree, one of the authors of the Lancet article and a pediatric endocrinology expert at the University of Colorado Anschutz. “The hope was that with a more comprehensive and accurate name change, that it would start to enable and push better care.”

The name change – made after 14 years of collaboration between experts and patients – was published in The Lancet on Tuesday.

Now PCOS is called PMOS

The condition is characterised by fluctuations in hormones that can affect weight, metabolic and mental health, the reproductive system and the skin.

It is associated with metabolic syndrome, a group of health conditions that increases your risk of Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and stroke, Dr. Sarah Hutto with the University of Minnesota Medical School said in an online article put out by the university.

No one knows exactly what causes the condition, but there’s evidence that genetics and obesity play roles, according to the Cleveland Clinic.

What are the symptoms of PMOS?

Symptoms vary, which can make it tough for doctors to diagnose.

It is associated with irregular menstrual cycles and excess production of a group of hormones known as androgens, which can cause acne and hair growth or thinning. It may also cause follicles on the ovaries, although not abnormal cysts. But not all of these findings are required for the diagnosis.

To make the diagnosis in teens, Cree said, the patient has to have both irregular periods and signs of high androgens. This can include high blood levels of the hormones or symptoms such as severe acne or chest hair.

PMOS is associated with infertility problems

Cleveland Clinic experts say it is the most common cause of female infertility, because not ovulating frequently can result in not being able to conceive.

Having the condition may also increase your risk of certain pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes or preterm birth. Still, most people with the condition can successfully carry a pregnancy.

How PMOS can be treated

Cree says the number one treatment is lifestyle changes, such as eating less processed food, exercising and getting a good night’s sleep.

“We’re not trying to be judgmental. There is science to back this up,” she said. “So in PMOS, there is too much of the hormone insulin in many women, and that insulin confuses the ovary to make too much testosterone. And it’s the high testosterone that is causing all the symptoms.”

Other treatments include insulin-sensitizing medicines such as Metformin, medications that block androgens and hormonal birth control.

But Hutto stresses that management of the condition should be individualized to address specific symptoms and concerns. For example, those who plan to get pregnant may want to focus on fertility treatments while others may be more interested in options like hormonal birth control.

How will the name change help?

Researchers and doctors are spreading the word about the name change to their peers at meetings and through medical societies and other means. They hope it raises awareness about the reality of the condition and how they can best help patients.

“I’m very excited about the name change,” Cree said, “as are the majority of my colleagues.”

This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.

Eye problems are quite common during the summer and can often disturb daily comfort and peace of mind. However, experts point out that hot weather, increased dust exposure, pollution, and sudden climate fluctuations are contributing to the rise in these eye conditions.

Causes of conjunctivitis during summer

Dr Nusrat Bukhari, who is an ophthalmologist at Apollo Spectra in Tardeo, explains, “Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the thin transparent layer that covers the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids. It can occur because of weather changes, rising temperatures, increased sweating, and exposure to dust and polluted air, which can trigger irritation, viral or bacterial infections, and allergies. Children who play outdoors, individuals working in dusty environments, and people who spend long hours on digital screens are particularly vulnerable to these problems. Climate change and unpredictable seasonal patterns are also contributing to a rise in eye-related complaints."

Dr Bukhari and Dr Sunil Moreker, who is also an opthalmologist with Lilavati Hospital in Bandra, have both noticed an increasing number of cases of conjunctivitis and dry eyes across age groups. Dr Bukhari observes, “Approximately 3-4 children were seen with complaints of eye dryness and irritation, while 6-7 adults and senior citizens reported symptoms of conjunctivitis, including redness, swelling, watering, and eye pain. This trend highlights how changing weather, heat, and increased exposure to dust and infections are affecting people from young children aged 9 to people above 50 years of age. If left untreated, conjunctivitis and other eye infections can lead to complications such as persistent irritation, blurred vision, spreading of infection to the other eye, and prolonged discomfort."

Dr Morekar confirms that the cases are increasing among people because of changing weather, extreme heat, dust, pollution, and even increased screen time. "Climate change is also affecting eye health and causing more eye irritation and infections during summer. The common symptoms seen in patients are redness, itching, watering, burning sensation, and tired eyes. Many people ignore these early signs, which is not at all advisable," he explains. In some cases, the eyes may feel sticky, especially after waking up, adds Dr Bukhari.

She also highlights that one of the most dreadful of all the types of conjunctivitis is Viral Keratoconjunctivitis. Dr Bukhari explains, "It has the most longest of recovery phase where patient suffers from severe swelling in all the anterior layers of the eye with formation of thin adhering membrane, painful on removal and causes severe damage to the cornea(the black visible part of the eye) by formation of abrations, defects and even keratitis (swelling of this part).”

Taking care of conjunctivitis

Management of conjunctivitis depends on the cause and severity of the eye condition. “For dry eyes, doctors often recommend lubricating or artificial tear drops that help keep the eyes moist and reduce irritation or burning sensation. In cases of bacterial conjunctivitis, antibiotic eye drops or ointments may be prescribed to control the infection and prevent it from spreading. Maintaining proper eye hygiene, avoiding touching or rubbing the eyes, washing hands frequently, and not sharing towels or eye cosmetics are also important steps to prevent further irritation and transmission,” said Dr Bukhari.

Dr Morekar concludes, "Staying hydrated, keeping eyes clean, avoiding putting eye drops on your own, reducing screen time, and consulting the doctor on time can help protect the eyes. So, make sure to take care of your eyes, this summer."

People are advised to avoid touching or rubbing their eyes frequently, wash their hands regularly, use protective sunglasses outdoors, and maintain proper eye hygiene to reduce the risk of infections during the summer months.

To be presented at the ‘European Congress on Obesity’ (ECO 2026) in Istanbul, Turkey, from May 12-15, the study showed that there was a clear link between increasing step count and preventing weight regain. 

Specifically, it was important to increase step count during the weight loss phase and maintain this increase during the weight maintenance phase. Patients who did so regained less weight, said the study published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.

“The most important – and greatest – challenge when treating obesity is preventing weight regain,” explains Professor Marwan El Ghoch from University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Around 80 per cent of people with overweight or obesity who initially lose weight tend to put some or all of it back on again within three to five years.

“The identification of a strategy that would solve this problem and help people maintain their new weight would be of huge clinical value,” he said.

Professor El Ghoch and researchers from Italy and Lebanon conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing research to find out more.

Daily number of steps was measured at the start of the trials, at the end of the weight loss phase (average duration of 7.9 months) and at the end of the weight maintenance phase (average duration of 10.3 months).

Both groups of patients had a similar number of steps per day at the start of the trials (7,280 in LSM group vs. 7,180 in control group) indicating that they had similar lifestyles at baseline.

The control group did not increase their number of steps and did not lose weight at any time.

In contrast, the LSM group increased their step count to 8,454 a day by the end of the weight loss phase. They also lost a significant amount of their body weight (4.39% on average, around 4 kg)

They maintained this higher step count and, at the end of the weight maintenance phase, they were doing 8,241 steps daily. They also kept off most of the weight they had lost (average weight loss at end of trials of 3.28 per cent, around 3 kg).

Professor El Ghosh said that lifestyle modification programmes can lead to a meaningful amount of weight loss long term.

This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.

The organisation follows the teachings of Grand Master Choa Kok Sui, who developed and systematised Pranic Healing — a non-touch and non-invasive energy healing practice aimed at improving mental, emotional and physical wellness. It is drawing attention from people across different walks of life, including public figures, entrepreneurs and professionals seeking balance and clarity amid demanding lifestyles.

Philosophy behind the practice

The name carries its message - Atma is the Sanskrit word for the soul and Namaste, a greeting most of us utter daily - means - I bow to the divine in you. Together, the name is both a salutation and a philosophy: That healing begins when we honour the life force within.

At its heart, Pranic Healing works on the understanding that the physical body is surrounded by an energy body - the aura - which regulates our health at every level: physical, emotional, and mental. When this energy body is congested, depleted, or imbalanced, illness and distress follow. Pranic Healing systematically cleanses and energises the aura, supporting the body`s own natural healing intelligence.

"It is not faith healing. It is not meditation. It is a structured, step-by-step science," explains Melwyn D`Souza, Senior Pranic Healer and Co-Founder of Atma Namaste.

"You don`t need to believe in it for it to work. You simply need to be open,"Melwyn said.

The organisation`s co-founders, Nikhil K Maini and Ritika Sony, alongside Melwyn D`Souza, bring together decades of experience in the GMCKS tradition, offering individual healing, free group sessions, and corporate Employee Assistance Programmes across their healing centres in India.

When it works: The real stories

Perhaps the most compelling evidence is not clinical papers but human stories and Atma Namaste has a number of them.

Chloe Qureshi turned to Pranic Healing during her pregnancy

Chloe Qureshi, Mrs. India 2023, turned to Pranic Healing during her pregnancy -one of the most physically and emotionally demanding journeys a woman undertakes.

"Pranic Healing was my sanctuary during pregnancy," she says. "It brought balance, clarity, and grace through every change. Endlessly grateful," she said.

For Sonali Singh, Celebrity Manager and a face familiar to Femina readers, the sessions have become a trusted constant across life`s unpredictable storms.

"Working with Melwyn has helped me time and again," she says, adding, "Whether it was my mum`s health, challenging situations in my business, or even everyday stresses at home. Each time I`ve turned to him for healing, it has brought a sense of balance and clarity, helping me navigate situations that felt overwhelming at the time."

Their testimonials sit alongside a growing chorus, the organisation said.

It said, an airlines commander who regained feeling in a finger after sessions when medicine had no answers. A young entrepreneur in financial distress who shifted from zero income to a five-digit month within days of financial healing. A grandfather whose post-opioid hallucinations - which had left doctors helpless - vanished after a single session.

"The stories are diverse. The thread connecting them is transformation," it added.

Beyond individual healing: A vision for India

According to the organisation, what sets Atma Namaste apart in India`s crowded wellness landscape is its breadth of service.

Atma Namaste offers specialised group healing for conditions including healing for financial problems, anxiety, depression, hypertension, cancer support, and diabetes - making healing accessible, not exclusive. Its corporate EAP programmes are being adopted by businesses seeking to improve team harmony, reduce burnout, and energise new projects.

The organisation has a rating of 5.0 across all reviews in the wellness space, which is exceptionally rare, it stated.

Distance healing is also fully offered - a critical differentiator in a vast country where access to quality well-being support is still unevenly distributed.

"Energy is not confined by distance," D`Souza stated.

"We have clients in the USA, South East Asia, and across India who heal just as effectively online as they do in person," he said.

A new conversation about mental and spiritual health

India is finally having an honest conversation about mental health and mental wellbeing. But Atma Namaste argues that wellness cannot be complete without honouring the spiritual dimension -the dimension that conventional frameworks are only beginning to address.

"We are not a replacement for medicine or expert advice," the founders say, adding, "We are its conscious, compassionate companion."

In a nation of 1.4 billion souls - many of them searching - that may be precisely the conversation whose time has come.

To book a session or learn more, visit atmanamaste.org

Women working in professions such as healthcare, teaching, hospitality, retail, aviation, and corporate sectors are increasingly reporting symptoms related to poor vein health at a younger age. Many women continue to ignore early warning signs such as leg pain, heaviness, swelling, cramps, itching, and visible blue or twisted veins, assuming them to be temporary discomfort caused by work stress or fatigue.

What is Varicose Veins?

Varicose Veins are enlarged, swollen, and twisted veins that usually appear on the legs due to poor blood circulation and weakened vein valves. 

Causes and Symptoms of Varicose Veins

Common causes include prolonged standing or sitting, pregnancy, obesity, aging, lack of exercise, family history, and frequent use of high heels. Symptoms may include leg pain, heaviness, swelling, cramps, itching, burning sensations, and visible blue or bulging veins. If ignored, varicose veins can lead to complications such as skin discoloration, ulcers, blood clots, bleeding, and chronic venous insufficiency. 

Mumbai doctors on Varicose Veins

Dr Javed Tadvi, who is the interventional radiologist, Apollo Spectra Hopsital in Mumbai says, “Veins in the legs are responsible for carrying blood back to the heart. However, standing continuously for long periods or sitting for extended hours can affect proper blood flow and increase pressure inside the veins. Wearing high heels regularly may further worsen the condition because it reduces normal calf muscle movement, which plays an important role in pumping blood upwards from the legs.” 

Dr Tadvi further added, “There is nearly a 40 per cent increase in young women who are 25-40 years of age coming with symptoms linked to varicose veins and poor vein circulation. Every month, around 4 out of 10 women complain of leg heaviness, swelling, visible veins, cramps, and discomfort after long working hours. Women who wear high heels frequently or stand continuously for several hours at work are at higher risk because blood circulation in the legs becomes affected over time. Pregnancy is another major factor, as hormonal changes and increased blood volume place extra pressure on the veins. Unfortunately, many women ignore these symptoms initially, which may later lead to worsening pain, skin discoloration, ulcers, or chronic venous insufficiency.”

Lifestyle changes to avoid Varicose Veins

Simple lifestyle changes can help women protect their vascular health and reduce the risk of complications. “Women should avoid standing or sitting continuously for long periods and must take short walking or stretching breaks every hour. Maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, staying hydrated, elevating the legs after work, and avoiding very high heels for prolonged durations can significantly improve blood circulation. Pregnant women and women with a family history of varicose veins should be even more cautious and seek medical advice if they notice swelling, pain, or visible veins. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can help prevent long-term vein-related complications and improve overall quality of life,” says Dr Tadvi.

Dr Dharmik Bhuva, who is the consultant vascular and neuro interventional radiologist, Zynova Shalby Hospital in Mumbai highlights, “There is a 20 per cent rise in younger women seeking treatment for early-stage varicose veins, especially among those working long shifts in standing professions or sedentary desk jobs. Around 2 out of 10 women 25 -40, who visit every month, have symptoms like leg fatigue, swelling, night cramps, or visible veins after prolonged work hours. Many delay medical consultation because they consider these symptoms temporary. However, ignoring vein problems for a long time can affect daily mobility, cause chronic discomfort, and increase the risk of complications such as skin damage and blood clots. So, exercise daily to maintain a healthy weight, stay hydrated, don’t sit or stand for too long.”

Government data presented in 2025 further showed that C-section deliveries accounted for over 27 per cent of all reported births in India during 2024–25, reinforcing the growing shift towards medically intensive maternity care.

Against this backdrop and coinciding with Mother`s Day, Care Health Insurance`s latest report highlights a clear expansion in women’s health claims, both in scale and intensity. Women’s health insurance claims rose 37 per cent from FY25 to FY26, with the 20–40 age group continuing to drive this growth, increasing from 25 per cent over the same period.

At the same time, maternity-related claims are becoming more cost-intensive with Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities continue to account for a larger share of overall claims contributing to 60 per cent of all maternity claims reported to the company. 

A shift in maternal age profile is also visible. In FY26, women aged above 35 years accounted for 12 per cent of total maternity claim volumes which was higher as compared to previous years and increasing. The cost of this age group was 18 per cent of the overall claim amount, indicating higher cost intensity associated with later-age pregnancies. 

Overall maternity claim outgo has risen by 25 per cent over the last two years, even as claim volumes have fluctuated, indicating a shift towards higher spend per case.

While deliveries are becoming increasingly institutionalized and becoming more efficient, the proportion of women discharged within five days for maternal care has increased from 75 per cent in FY24 to 82 per cent in FY26. This duration of discharge is not resulting in cost reduction, instead the company has seen an upward trend in cost intensity for maternal treatment.

Taken together, these trends reflect a structural shift in maternal healthcare, with rising cost intensity and evolving care patterns driving higher financial exposure. The findings are further reinforced by broader public health data, which indicates that a majority of women in India are accessing formal antenatal care services, while three out of four continue to have inadequate dietary iron intake, highlighting persistent nutritional gaps and long-term health vulnerabilities beyond maternity.

Commenting on the findings, Manish Dodeja, who is the executive director & chief business officer with the health insurer, said, “Women’s health insurance claims are no longer following a linear growth pattern; they are expanding in both scale and intensity. We are seeing a clear shift in the maternity landscape, with costs rising steadily. While care pathways are becoming more efficient, the financial exposure associated with maternal healthcare is increasing. This is not just a utilisation trend; it reflects a broader shift in how women are accessing and experiencing healthcare today. It is therefore important for individuals to periodically reassess their coverage to ensure it remains aligned with evolving needs.”

The health experts say that while many couples undergo fertility treatment and IVF procedures, awareness regarding inherited genetic conditions remains limited. Timely screening, counselling, and advanced reproductive technologies can help couples better understand genetic risks and ensure healthier pregnancies.

Every year, World Thalassemia Day is observed on May 8 to create awareness about the blood disorder. While people may know of it, their connection to pregnancy needs to be in the spotlight.

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which the body is unable to produce healthy hemoglobin, leading to low red blood cell counts and anaemia. It is mainly caused when both parents carry the faulty thalassemia gene and pass it on to their child. The symptoms include weakness, fatigue, pale skin, delayed growth, breathlessness, frequent infections, and an enlarged spleen. If severe forms like thalassemia major are not managed properly, they can lead to complications such as bone deformities, heart problems, liver damage, iron overload, and the need for lifelong blood transfusions.

Many inherited conditions, including thalassemia and other blood disorders, may not show symptoms in carriers, causing couples to remain unaware until complications arise during pregnancy or after childbirth. So, blood tests and genetic evaluations before conception can help identify risks early and allow couples to explore safer reproductive choices," said Dr Surabhi Siddhartha, Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at Motherhood Hospital , Kharghar, Navi Mumbai.

Dr Surabhi further said,  “Many women come for pregnancy care without awareness about carrier screening, and in some cases, the diagnosis happens only after repeated miscarriages, pregnancy complications, or the birth of a child with a serious genetic disorder. Conditions such as thalassemia can lead to lifelong blood transfusions, growth problems, weakness, organ damage, and emotional as well as financial stress for families. This is why preconception counselling and genetic testing are becoming extremely important today, as simple screening before pregnancy can help couples understand risks early and plan for a healthier future.”

Dr Rita Modi, Senior IVF Consultant at Motherhood Fertility and IVF, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai. aid, “Many couples approach fertility treatment with the hope of conceiving successfully, but very few understand the importance of genetic counselling before pregnancy. Routine thalassemia carrier screening is simple, feasible, and not very expensive. Screening is recommended, especially in couples from endemic regions. Individuals with persistent anemia or abnormal hemoglobin levels, and couples undergoing IVF treatment. It is concerning because carriers usually appear completely healthy and may not have any symptoms. We perform HPLC/haemoglobin electrophoresis tests to identify carrier status. If needed, genetic counselling helps couples understand their risks, evaluate family history, and make informed decisions before starting a family."

Today, Dr Modi adds that advanced reproductive technologies allow the health experts to not only to help couples conceive but also to reduce the chances of passing serious hereditary conditions to the next generation. Through carrier screening, prenatal diagnosis, and techniques such as genetic testing of embryos during IVF, couples can better understand their reproductive options. "Unfortunately, many people still seek genetic testing only after facing pregnancy loss or complications. Awareness regarding premarital and preconception screening is extremely important, especially in high-risk populations. A simple test done at the right time can make a significant difference in ensuring healthier future generations," she concludes. 

WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in a message that "I know you are worried".

“The pain of 2020 is still real, and I do not dismiss it for a single moment. But I need you to hear me clearly: this is not another COVID. The current public health risk from hantavirus remains low. My colleagues and I have said this unequivocally, and I will say it again to you now,” he wrote.

The virus aboard the MV Hondius ship is the Andes strain of hantavirus. A total of eight Hantavirus cases, including three deaths, have been reported so far.

“It is serious. Three people have lost their lives, and our hearts go out to their families. Right now, there are no symptomatic passengers on board. A WHO expert is on that ship. Medical supplies are in place,” said the WHO chief.

Spain’s authorities have prepared a careful, step-by-step plan: passengers will be ferried ashore at the industrial port of Granadilla, far from residential areas, in sealed, guarded vehicles, through a completely cordoned-off corridor, and repatriated directly to their home countries.

“I personally thanked Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez for Spain’s decision to receive this ship. I called it an act of solidarity and moral duty. Because that is what it is. I want you to know that the WHO’s request to Spain was not made arbitrarily. It was made in full accordance with the International Health Regulations,” said Ghebreyesus in his message.

Nearly 150 people from 23 countries have been at sea for weeks, some of them grieving, all of them frightened, all of them longing for home.

“Tenerife has been chosen because it has the medical capacity, the infrastructure, and the humanity to help them reach safety,” he added.

The ship’s captain, Jan Dobrogowski, crew, and the company operating the vessel have shown exemplary collaboration at this challenging time.

“On behalf of the World Health Organization, and on behalf of those passengers and their families around the world, I thank the people of Tenerife and everyone else involved,” he added.

WHO assesses the risk to the global population posed by this event as low and will continue to monitor the epidemiological situation.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain and abdomen were analysed of 533 women and men in late midlife, who were followed for up to 16 years. During this period, participants underwent repeated MRI measurements of visceral fat and brain structures, along with their cognitive assessment.

The findings, published in the journal Nature Communications, suggest that the relationship between abdominal fat and brain aging is likely brought about primarily through glucose control and insulin sensitivity.

Researchers, including those from the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva in Israel and Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health in the US, said the study is the first to link repeated MRI-based measurements of cumulative visceral fat with long-term trajectories of brain aging and cognition.

Lead researcher Iris Shai, from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, said, "The findings point to glucose control and reduction of visceral abdominal fat as measurable, modifiable, and achievable targets in midlife -- with real potential to slow brain degeneration and reduce the risk of cognitive decline."

In a subgroup of participants, three brain MRI scans were taken over five years, analysis of which showed that persistently elevated levels of visceral fat over time were associated with a faster rate of brain volume loss, particularly in the hippocampus (brain`s memory centre), and with accelerated enlargement of the brain ventricles.

The links were not observed for subcutaneous fat, either superficial or deep, nor for body mass index (BMI), highlighting the biological specificity of visceral fat, the researchers said.

The study "suggests that sustained visceral fat loss, rather than weight loss, is linked to better cognition and attenuation of brain atrophy years later, mainly via improved glycemic control".

"Improved glycemic control parameters, rather than lipid or inflammatory markers, were mostly related to the favourable longitudinal brain outcomes," the authors wrote.

Reductions in visceral (abdominal) fat during an 18-month dietary intervention predicted a better preservation of brain structures five and 10 years later, even after accounting for weight loss and other factors.

In other words, the reduction in abdominal fat itself -- rather than weight loss per se -- was the factor predicting long-term brain outcomes, the researchers said.

The association between visceral fat and brain aging was found to be mediated primarily through glycaemic balance.

Fasting glucose and HbA1c levels were the only markers that predicted the rate of structural brain change over time, whereas blood lipid markers or inflammatory markers did not show a similar association.

The findings support the hypothesis that insulin resistance and chronic dysregulation of glucose metabolism impair cerebral perfusion, compromise blood-brain barrier integrity and accelerate degeneration of gray matter and the hippocampus, the researchers said. 

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In a statement issued on International Day of the Midwife, the WHO said the maternal mortality rate in Afghanistan remains among the highest across the world, at 521 deaths per 100,000 live births, even as access to basic care has improved over the past 20 years, Afghanistan`s Amu TV reported.

Many of these deaths occurred due to conditions that can be treated or prevented, including haemorrhage, hypertension, infection and hindered labour, the WHO said. The consequences are often long-lasting and severe for women who survive such complications.

Since the late 2000s, Afghanistan has witnessed progress in maternal and child health, according to the WHO. Antenatal care coverage has witnessed rise from 31 per cent to 76 per cent, and the share of births attended by skilled health workers has risen from 24 per cent to 67 per cent. The agency said child mortality has witnessed a drop, from 129 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 56 in 2023. However, the WHO stated that women in rural and underserved areas face the greatest risks.

According to the WHO, one of the most serious complications faced by women is obstetric fistula, a condition caused mainly by prolonged obstructed labour that could result in women facing several medical problems and social stigma, Amu TV reported.

The WHO said the condition remains underreported since many women lack access to specialised care or do not know that it can be treated. In order to address these challenges, the WHO said that it is increasing maternal and child health services in Afghanistan with the support of the Islamic Development Bank.

Last month, the United Nations International Children`s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) warned that Afghanistan risks losing up to 20,000 women teachers and 5,400 healthcare workers by 2030 amid continuing restrictions on girls’ education and women’s employment in the country.

In its latest analysis titled “The Cost of Inaction on Girls’ Education and Women’s Labour Force Participation in Afghanistan", UNICEF said that female representation in the civil services fell from 21 per cent to 17.7 per cent between 2023 and 2025.

It cautioned that the declining number of trained women professionals in schools and hospitals across Afghanistan would have devastating consequences for children`s education, health outcomes and future opportunities.

“Restrictions on girls’ and women`s education and work are already costing the country US$84 million annually in lost economic output, with losses compounding over time as they remain blocked from education and employment,” UNICEF mentioned.

According to the UN agency, removing women from teaching and healthcare services in Afghanistan – two sectors where they are permitted to work and are critically needed – directly harms children as it will lead to fewer girls in schools and reduced care for women and children.

The impact, it said, is particularly severe in healthcare, where societal context often prevents women from receiving medical services from men-- while the declining number of female health workers will directly limit maternal, newborn, and child health services.

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The 41-year-old woman had suffered a brain haemorrhage. Her husband, along with their two young daughters, supported the decision to donate her organs, turning their personal loss into a life-saving opportunity for others.

After the patient was declared brain dead on May 2, her heart was allocated to Indraprastha Apollo Hospital in Delhi. A specialised team from the hospital arranged urgent logistics and flew to Chandigarh on a chartered private jet to retrieve the organ, the hospital said in a statement.

The organ was transported back to Delhi within the critical time window and successfully transplanted into a 14-year-old boy, giving him a new lease of life. The patient is currently stable and under close monitoring in the ICU, the statement said.

The hospital said the complex procedure was carried out through coordination among multiple agencies. Haryana and Punjab traffic police, along with the Airports Authority of India in Chandigarh, facilitated swift movement by providing priority clearance for the flight.

In Delhi, the traffic police created a green corridor from the airport to the hospital, enabling transport of the organ in about 20 minutes, the statement said.

"Special recognition was extended to Colonel Anurag Garg of Command Hospital, whose exceptional leadership and coordination ensured the success of the donation and transplant process," the statement added.

Dr Mukesh Goel, senior consultant in cardiothoracic surgery-heart and lung transplant at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, said that the teenager was suffering from end-stage heart failure for more than a year. He had to be admitted almost every month to stabilise his deteriorating condition.

"Heart transplant was the only option to save his life," he said, adding that the patient had been registered with the National Organ and Tissue Transplant and Organisation (NOTTO) two months ago.

Goel said that a matching donor heart became available on May 2 after the woman suffered a catastrophic brain haemorrhage and was declared brain dead.

"The family decided to donate her organs, thus saving multiple lives," Goel said.

The transplant surgery was completed successfully within the required time frame, and the patient was later shifted to the cardiac surgery ICU for further care," he added.

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The ultra-low-field device can be wheeled directly to patients, eliminating the need for dedicated MRI suites or risky patient transfers.

The system is already being used at the Centre for Neurological Conditions under Dr. Shailesh Gaikwad. It is expected to improve rapid diagnosis in stroke, trauma, ICU monitoring, paediatrics, and post-operative neurosurgical care.

Clinicians say that the technology enables faster decision-making in emergencies where conventional imaging is difficult or unsafe. The installation follows regulatory approval in India and is supported by Radiosurgery Global. Experts stated that the development could significantly expand access to brain imaging and strengthen research in point-of-care neurodiagnostics nationwide.

Meanwhile, amid rising temperatures, Dr. Sheffali Gulati, Professor of Paediatrics at AIIMS Delhi, on Thursday, cautioned that children are especially vulnerable to heatwave-related health risks and need close care, adequate hydration, and protection from outdoor exposure to prevent complications.

On heatwave impact, Dr Sheffali Gulati told ANI, "Children are more vulnerable. We should ensure that they have good hydration. So give them small portions of fluids frequently, which are not heavy in sugar. They should prevent any outdoor activities. If a child has epilepsy, they may have more seizures during this time. Children with underlying problems can face aggravation, so they have to be particularly careful. Infants will be very much important to see because they cannot manifest their thirst, so they have to be given fluids around the clock and kept in a cool environment."

She highlights the critical link between heat-related physical symptoms and long-term neurodevelopmental health in children, emphasising the need for immediate preventive care.

On mitigating heat impact, Dr Naval Vikram, Professor, Department of Medicine, AIIMS Delhi, speaking to ANI, said that people who work under circumstances where they are exposed to heatwave conditions should wear loose clothes and keep their heads covered. 

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As a result, the gap between regions will widen dramatically, with women in LMICs facing much higher rates of this preventable disease, researchers, including those from CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval Research Center in Canada, said.

Almost all cervical cancer cases (99 per cent) are linked to infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV), an extremely common virus transmitted through sexual contact, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

Cervical cancer is largely preventable through HPV vaccination and regular screening, it says.

The United Nations` health agency has set an elimination target of an incidence rate of under four cases per one lakh women.

Each country should meet `90-70-90` targets by 2030 -- 90 per cent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage among girls by age 15, 70 per cent of women screened by age 35 and then 45, and 90 per cent of women with pre-cancer and cancer treated -- to be on track to eliminate cervical cancer within the next century, the WHO says.

The researchers said that reaching WHO vaccination and screening elimination targets for HPV or introducing universal vaccination with high coverage is necessary to eliminate cervical cancer in LMICs, which would substantially attenuate worldwide inequalities.

Achieving the WHO`s 90-70-90 goals could avert 37 million cervical cancer cases over the next century and accelerate progress toward elimination, they said.

However, the models suggest that many LMICs are unlikely to reach these targets without increased investment in elimination efforts, the team said.

The researchers modelled five HPV prevention strategies for LMICs, including a `status quo` scenario.

"Under the status quo, the model projected that cervical cancer incidence in LMICs would decrease by only 23 per cent while HICs would reach elimination by 2048, leading to substantial increases in inequalities," the authors wrote.

"Reaching 90 per cent vaccination coverage among girls in LMICs would reduce these inequalities and lead to elimination in LMICs outside sub-Saharan Africa," they said.

The authors said that recent advancements, such as lower-cost and single-dose vaccines, expanded screening programmes.

Multi-age cohort vaccinations and efforts to include boys in vaccination campaigns can help make cervical cancer elimination feasible worldwide, they said.

However, global, coordinated efforts from governments and international health agencies are required, the team said.

A September 2022 study published in The Lancet Oncology journal projected that a single-dose vaccination with a long-lasting protection and 90 per cent coverage could prevent up to 78 per cent of cases of cervical cancer among the vaccinated birth cohorts across India.

States with high cervical cancer incidence could see the greatest relative reduction in cases, it estimated. 

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This was an even rarer secreting tumour which was secreting hormones leading to wide and dangerous fluctuations of blood pressure. The young lady’s blood pressure remained critically high, unmanageable despite multiple medications, significantly affecting her health and quality of life.

Further, the tumour was located deep in the abdomen in proximity to the kidney and major blood vessels - a complex and delicate situation. With the help of precise robotic-assisted surgery, it was successfully removed, leading to excellent blood pressure control without any medications.

Karkeh Rophina, a 30-year-old woman from Kenya, had been struggling with persistently high blood pressure for several years. Despite prolonged treatment, it remained uncontrolled, leaving her physically exhausted and emotionally distressed.

Even simple daily activities were difficult, and she was constantly anxious about her health. With her condition worsening, she and her family began searching for advanced treatment options and learned about Gleneagles Hospital in Parel. Hoping for a solution, she travelled to Mumbai for specialised care. 

Dr Prashanth Rao, director of surgical Gastroenterology and Minimal Access Surgery, who led the surgery with his team, said, “On arrival at the hospital in March, the patient had severely uncontrolled hypertension that was not responding to medications and was impacting her overall health. An MRI on January 14, revealed a tumour in the left retroperitoneal region, located between the kidney and aorta, which was diagnosed as a paraganglioma. She was admitted on March 26 for advanced management."

"Paraganglioma is a rare tumour, seen in 1 in a million people, that can secrete hormones leading to dangerously elevated blood pressure. In her case, the persistent high blood pressure levels posed a serious risk, increasing the chances of complications such as heart disease, stroke, and organ damage if not treated in time."

He further added, “This was a rare and highly challenging case. Located deep in the abdomen, ensconced snugly between major blood vessels like the aorta, renal vein, and artery, and pushing the kidney away,  it was causing severe, uncontrolled hypertension. After careful evaluation, we opted for robotic-assisted surgery, which allowed us to access and remove the tumour with a high level of precision and safety. The endocrinologist helped control the blood pressure preoperatively, and the surgery was planned. The anaesthetists helped with controlling the widely fluctuating blood pressure during the surgery. The urologists were involved in planning to preserve the kidney. The minimally invasive robotic approach helped reduce surgical stress on her body and supported a smoother recovery."

"What makes this case truly significant is that a young patient, who was living with uncertainty and a life-threatening condition, can now look forward to a normal and healthier life. If left untreated, this condition could have 
led to severe complications such as heart damage, stroke, or organ failure. With timely intervention, the right technology, and a dedicated team approach, we were able to not only treat the condition but also restore her confidence, independence, and overall quality of life. She is recovering well, her blood pressure is normal without any medications, and we expect her to lead a stable and healthy life ahead,” said Dr Rao.

Rophina said, “I was struggling with very high blood pressure for a long time, and it was not improving despite treatment. It was worrying, especially at my age, and I did not know the cause. Travelling to another country for treatment was not easy, but I wanted a solution. At the hospital, the doctors explained everything clearly and gave me confidence. After the surgery, I feel much better, and my recovery has been smooth. I am truly grateful to Dr. Prashanth Rao and the entire team for giving me a second chance at life." 

The infant had been diagnosed with a giant posterior fossa brain tumour, a rare and life-threatening condition at such a young age. With timely intervention, the baby has recovered well and was discharged in stable condition, bringing immense relief and joy to the family. The surgery was led by Dr Abhishek Nadkarni, consultant neurosurgeon, along with DrSheena Ali, consultant neurosurgeon, and the paediatric neurosurgery team at Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children.

The parents, residents of Mumbai, became concerned when their previously active baby, suddenly became unusually quiet and lethargic on March 10, with reduced movement and responsiveness. As the child’s condition worsened, they sought urgent medical attention and were referred to the city hospital for advanced care.

Dr Nadkarni said, “The baby was born on December 9 in 2025. On arrival at our emergency department on the night of March 12, the infant had altered consciousness and lethargy for two days. Examination revealed a bulging fontanelle and an increased head circumference of 43 cm, both signs of raised pressure inside the brain. CT and MRI scans done prior to referral showed a large posterior fossa tumour measuring approximately 6 × 5 × 5 cm, nearly the size of a tennis ball. The tumour was blocking the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid, leading to hydrocephalus, a life-threatening condition requiring urgent treatment.”

Dr Nadkarni further added, “The tumour was located along the floor of the fourth ventricle, compressing the brainstem, which controls vital functions such as breathing, swallowing, and consciousness. Given the tumour size and the baby’s age and weight, this was an extremely high-risk surgery. The infant’s total blood volume was less than 500 ml, and the tumour was highly vascular, increasing the risk of significant intraoperative blood loss. After detailed counselling, the family chose to proceed with surgery.”

The surgery was performed on March 13 and lasted nearly four hours. The team successfully achieved complete tumour removal, and importantly, the child did not develop any new neurological deficits after surgery, an encouraging outcome in such a complex case. The baby was discharged on 6-5-26.

Histopathological examination confirmed the tumour to be an immature teratoma, a rare type of non-germinomatous germ cell tumour. These tumours typically occur in midline brain regions such as the pineal or suprasellar areas and usually present later in childhood or adolescence. Occurrence in the posterior fossa of a 3-month-old infant is extremely uncommon, making this case particularly rare and challenging. The child will continue further treatment under the paediatric oncology team, including planned chemotherapy as part of comprehensive care.

The baby’s mother said, “We were extremely scared when we saw our baby becoming less active and unwell. Everything happened very suddenly." 

"The doctors at the hospital explained the situation patiently and supported us at every step. Seeing our baby recover now feels like a miracle. We are deeply grateful to the entire team for saving our child’s life,” the father added.

Dr Minnie Bodhanwala, CEO of Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, added, “Managing such a complex brain tumour in a very young infant is both medically and emotionally challenging. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis, specialised paediatric neurosurgical expertise, and strong intensive care support." 

With the mercury climbing steadily, health experts have cautioned that the risk of heat-related illnesses is increasing and stressed the need for preventive measures. Doctors say that staying safe during peak summer requires two essential steps -- constant vigilance and regular intake of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS).

The average human body temperature is around 36.9 degrees Celsius. When the external temperature rises significantly above this level, the body begins absorbing heat from the surroundings. To counter this, it activates cooling mechanisms such as sweating and increased respiration to maintain internal balance. However, prolonged exposure to high temperatures can overwhelm these natural processes.

Excessive sweating leads to significant loss of water, glucose, and essential salts, increasing the risk of dehydration. If not addressed promptly, this can lead to symptoms such as muscle cramps, dizziness, fatigue, and in severe cases, heatstroke and loss of consciousness.

Medical experts warn that dehydration can adversely affect vital organs, including the kidneys and heart.

Early warning signs include dry mouth, dark-colored urine, muscle cramps, weakness, and light-headedness.

While drinking adequate water is crucial, doctors emphasise that water alone may not be sufficient under extreme heat conditions.

ORS helps replenish lost electrolytes and maintain the body’s fluid balance more effectively.

As per World Health Organisation (WHO) standards, a standard 20.5-gram ORS sachet contains sodium chloride, glucose, potassium chloride, and trisodium citrate. It should be mixed in one litre of boiled and cooled water and consumed within 24 hours.

With heatwave conditions expected to persist, authorities have advised people to avoid direct sunlight during peak hours, stay hydrated, and keep ORS readily available to prevent serious health complications.

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According to Bangladesh`s leading newspaper `The Daily Star`, the current measles vaccine crisis in the South Asian nation is not merely an isolated disruption but reflects institutional weakening, with national vaccination coverage dropping to around 60 per cent in 2025 – the lowest in nearly a decade – from 85-92 per cent between 2010 and 2022.

"Bangladesh`s Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) has long been one of the country`s most celebrated public health successes. Built on sustained government commitment, strong development partnerships, and a vast network of frontline health workers, it delivered consistently high coverage and sharply reduced the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases. For years, it positioned the country as a model for the developing world. That model is now being undone," the report detailed.

The report stressed that such a significant decline in vaccine coverage is not merely a logistical problem but a clear failure of governance.

Immunisation systems, it said, rely on predictable structures — “coordinated procurement, stable financing, functioning leadership, and a reliable workforce” — and when these elements are disrupted — especially at the same time — the system collapses.

“For years, vaccine procurement operated under the Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Programme (HPNSP), which provided a clear and functional administrative pathway. Its effective dismantling in 2025, without a credible transition mechanism, represents a critical policy failure. There is little evidence that this decision was guided by broad technical consultation or risk assessment, an omission that is difficult to justify given the stakes," it mentioned.

The report noted that structural weaknesses within the system are equally stark, with nearly 45 per cent of EPI field-level positions in 37 districts lying vacant.

“These workers operate across roughly 150,000 vaccination centres, which are the backbone of the immunisation programme. Without them, coverage declines are inevitable. Meanwhile, vaccine porters responsible for maintaining the cold chain reportedly went unpaid for months, triggering unrest and nationwide strikes. A system that cannot sustain its frontline workforce cannot sustain its outcomes," it stated.

The report emphasised the need to “restore institutional stability, re-establish clear procurement pathways, urgently fill workforce gaps, invest in research and surveillance, and rebuild public trust” through consistent communication.

Highlighting the broader risks, it warned, “Just as importantly, critical health systems must be insulated from abrupt policy shifts and administrative discontinuity. If addressed now, the broader system stress remains manageable. If not, they will escalate into crises that are far more costly, both financially and in human terms.”

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Addressing a programme organised by the Cancer Society of India on Saturday, the Vice President noted that recent advances in medical research are encouraging, particularly initiatives exploring tablet-based therapies as alternatives to intensive treatments such as chemotherapy.

He underlined the importance of access to clean drinking water and expressed concern over the rising number of cancer cases annually.

Highlighting government support, he said that under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana, eligible patients can avail free treatment up to Rs 5 lakh per year. The scheme covers major cancer treatments — including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy — for diseases such as breast, lung, and oral cancers at empanelled hospitals nationwide.

He added that for indigent patients, provisions of up to Rs 15 lakh offer significant relief. Under the National Health Mission, nearly 75 per cent of allocated rural funds are currently being utilised for cancer prevention initiatives.

The Vice President also pointed out that cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in India and noted that both Central and State governments are implementing measures such as vaccination and improved treatment protocols. He commended Rajasthan’s proactive efforts, stating that the state is emerging as a leader in the fight against cancer.

He also lauded cancer survivors present at the event as a source of inspiration.

Governor Haribhau Bagde stressed the need for a dedicated `Cancer-Free Rajasthan Campaign,` drawing parallels with successful initiatives like the TB-Free campaign. He observed that while not a medical expert, his interactions and reading suggest that cancer often stems from cellular disorders and genetic factors.

The Governor cautioned against the use of tobacco products such as bidis and cigarettes, citing their strong link to cancer. He added that tribal regions of Rajasthan may exhibit lower cancer prevalence due to cleaner environments and healthier lifestyles.

He also highlighted concerns regarding chemical contamination in water and the use of fertilisers in agriculture, calling for stronger efforts to ensure access to clean water and chemical-free food.

Minister of Medical and Health Department, Gajendra Singh Khimsar, emphasised the importance of awareness initiatives and outlined ongoing efforts to strengthen healthcare services across the state.

Earlier, the Vice President, Governor, and Health Minister jointly unveiled a film dedicated to cancer survivors.

Rajya Sabha MP Radha Mohan Agarwal and other dignitaries were also present on the occasion.

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However, as people around the globe observe World Malaria Day on April 25, medical experts remind us that when it comes to health, convenience is a gamble. The scale of the threat remains significant. 

According to the World Health Organization’s World Malaria Report 2025, there were an estimated 282 million malaria cases and 610,000 deaths globally in 2024. While India has made incredible strides, the disease remains a persistent predator. As Dr Aravinda G M, consultant of internal medicine at Manipal Hospital, Kanakapura Road, notes, "In India, the transition from benign symptoms to severe systemic failure can happen within a tight 48-hour window, particularly in the urban workforce where high-stress levels often mask the body`s early warning signs." 

Experts define the ‘48-Hour Rule’—the biological tipping point where home remedies must stop and clinical intervention must begin. They also break down the precise physical markers, diagnostic timelines, and metabolic circuit-breakers needed to navigate this critical window safely.

The 48-hour tipping point

Most patients believe they should wait out a fever for three or four days to see if it resolves itself. Dr Aravinda explains that this is a dangerous misunderstanding of how an infectious process shifts from a localised battle to a systemic war.

"The 48-hour mark is the tipping point because that’s roughly when infectious processes shift from reversible to structural damage. In the first 24-48 hours, your innate immune system is releasing cytokines to fight a local multiplication of the infective agent. If the infection isn`t controlled by this point, persistent inflammation starts damaging blood vessel linings, causing capillary leaks and blood pressure drops. This is when sepsis becomes severe sepsis or septic shock," explains Dr Aravinda.

This physiological shift marks the moment where a manageable infection transitions into an aggressive, systemic assault on the body`s vital infrastructure. “Once the 48-hour window closes, the body begins to see a rise in lactate levels, and the organs—specifically the kidneys and lungs—start to bear the brunt of the inflammation. In the context of P. falciparum—the most lethal malaria parasite—a mild fever can turn fatal with terrifying speed. Clinical deterioration usually appears between 3 to 7 days after the onset of fever, but the foundation for that collapse is laid in those first 48 hours. Complications like cerebral malaria, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and metabolic acidosis can manifest rapidly, proving that a single negative blood film taken too early is no shield against a high parasite load,” he says. 

Mapping the fever: A patient’s guide to tracking

While both illnesses present with heat and aches, the nature and rhythm of the discomfort provide a clear roadmap. Dr Aravinda suggests that patients should not just endure a fever but actively map it.

"You cannot diagnose from the pattern alone, but the pattern tells a story. Viral fevers are typically continuous or remittent, tapering over three to five days. Malaria, however, is famous for its cyclic paroxysms. This involves a cold stage (shivering), a hot stage, and a sweating stage where the temperature returns to normal. This cycle repeats every 48 hours for P. vivax or irregularly for P. falciparum,” he shares.

How to record your fever baseline

To provide a doctor with actionable data, record your temperature 3 to 4 times daily at consistent times, including once during the night. As per expert advice, your log should include:
1. Temperature + time: Note the exact peak.
2. The symptom cluster: Are you experiencing chills, sweating, headache, vomiting, or a rash?
3. Medication windows: Record the exact dose and time of paracetamol or ibuprofen. These drugs mask the natural fever pattern, making it harder for doctors to see the malarial cycle if the data is incomplete.

The symptom checklist

One of the most common mistakes is confusing a standard chill with a malarial rigour, according to Dr Aravinda. He outlines symptoms to look out for: 
1. The viral chill: Chills with flu, COVID, or a seasonal virus are usually milder. You feel cold and shivery, but it’s a light, controllable shivering that you can often ease with a blanket and a warm drink.
2. The malarial rigor: It is a severe, violent, and often uncontrollable shivering that can last for 15 to 60 minutes. This is a teeth-chattering, bed-shaking event. Patients feel intensely cold even under multiple heavy blankets, followed immediately by drenching sweats as the fever peaks.
3. Trigger zones for pain: Viral infections often cause a generalised heaviness or brain fog. Malaria, however, often targets the lower back and the areas behind the eyes. This bone-breaking pain, combined with profound fatigue that feels significantly worse than a typical viral flu, should be treated as a major red flag.

The diagnostic strategy

Dr Shalmali Inamdar, consultant physician and adult infectious diseases at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, emphasises that timing is everything when it comes to the lab.
"If a reader goes for a blood test at hour 24, there is a high chance of a false negative. In malaria, the parasite load in the blood may still be low in the initial phase. The diagnostic yield improves significantly after 36 to 48 hours of persistent fever, particularly if that fever is showing a cyclical pattern," she warns.

Smear versus rapid test: Which do you need?

When you arrive at a clinic, you will likely encounter two types of tests. Understanding the difference is crucial for an accurate diagnosis:
1. Peripheral blood smear: This involves a technician looking at your blood under a microscope. It allows for the direct visualisation of the parasite, helps identify the species, and provides an estimate of parasite density, which dictates how aggressive the treatment must be.
2. Rapid diagnostic test (RDT): These provide results in minutes and are excellent for quick screening in smaller clinics. However, they lack the detail of a smear.

Ideally, both tests should complement each other. An RDT can guide immediate action, but a peripheral smear must follow for a detailed assessment of the parasite load.

The battle with dehydration and silent indicators

Malaria puts a massive strain on the body’s fluid reserves. During a fever spike, you aren`t just losing water through sweat; your metabolic rate is skyrocketing. Inamdar suggests looking for signs that oral hydration is no longer enough:

1. The urine metric: Passing very little urine or noticing that it has turned a dark amber colour, suggests your kidneys are struggling to filter toxins.
2. Cardiovascular stress: A rapid heartbeat or persistent dizziness even when the fever has temporarily dipped.
3. The skin pinch: Reduced skin elasticity and a persistent dry mouth indicate that the body is diverting fluids to core organs, leaving the periphery parched.

Emergency protocols: The non-negotiables

For those looking after a family member, there comes a point where the local general physician is no longer the right destination. Inamdar highlights three red flags that require an immediate trip to the emergency room:
1. Neurological shifts: Any change in mental status—confusion, drowsiness, or difficulty in waking the person. This is the primary indicator of potential cerebral involvement.
2. Hepatic/blood failure: Yellowing of the eyes or skin (jaundice) or the passing of very dark urine, which suggests the breakdown of red blood cells (haemolysis).
3. Systemic collapse: Extreme breathlessness, an inability to sit up, or persistent vomiting that prevents the intake of oral medication.

The recovery protocol
Malaria is a metabolic assault that targets the liver and kidneys. Even after the parasites are cleared from the blood, these organs require a healing phase. "The focus should be on easily digestible, balanced nutrition. There is no superfood that treats malaria, but the right diet prevents secondary complications," says Dr Shalmali.

1. Hydration strategy: Use Oral Rehydration Solutions (ORS) and coconut water to manage the electrolyte imbalance caused by drenching sweats.
2. The liver-first diet: Stick to light meals like khichdi, soups, and boiled vegetables. Strictly avoid alcohol and highly processed, oily foods, which add unnecessary stress to a liver already taxed by infection.
3. The small and frequent rule: Malaria can cause sudden drops in blood sugar (hypoglycaemia). Eating small, frequent meals helps maintain steady energy levels and prevents the metabolic mismatch that leads to extreme fatigue.

A call to clinical action

The ‘48-Hour Rule’ is more than medical advice—it is a biological boundary. In an era where we pride ourselves on our ability to work through pain, malaria remains a reminder that some infections cannot be outpaced by willpower.

If you have a fever that includes violent rigors, or a cycle that seems to disappear only to return with higher intensity, do not wait for the third day. Medical experts emphasise that your liver, kidneys, and ultimate recovery time depend entirely on the decisions you make between hour 24 and hour 48. 

This World Malaria Day, remember: the first step toward genuine longevity is knowing when to stop self-medicating and start testing.

In a post on Instagram, the celebrity nutritionist shares, "Anaemia is the biggest nutritional deficiency that we face as a country with 3 out of 4 women having low dietary iron intake. Fatigue, weakness, irritability, hair loss, menstrual discomfort, dull skin, are some of the common symptoms. A wholesome diet that is nutritious and diverse, helps prevent this and also keeps Hb levels in a good range. Here’s to good food and to a good life."

In a video along with the post, Rujuta Diwekar recommends seven easy steps to maintain good iron and haemoglobin levels:

1. Eat a fresh fruit every day: With the easy availability of mangoes, which is in season, contains Vitamin C, which is also available in guavas, and cashew fruit. "When you get a good amount of Vitamin C, you are able to assimilate iron better, and your haemoglobin levels are good."

2. Eat pulses and legumes: Everybody should eat pulses and legumes like moong, arhar, matki, kulith - all of these things give you amino acids, Vitamin B, and good fibre -- all of these all help assimilate iron. However, you need to eat this with rice, chapati or bhakri, if you eat it plain, you will not get many benefits out of it.

3. Have dahi, chaas, lassi: Consuming dahi, chaas and lassi, especially with your breakfast or lunch, can also help you with iron assimilation

4. Have chana and jaggery: Chana and jaggery also help with iron assimilation

5. Have apricot or jadaalu/khumani once daily is also a good source for iron.

6. Have Aliv laddoo because it is rich in iron

7. Use iron tawa, kadhai and karchi as it also keeps your iron level good

 

 

 

 

 

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A post shared by Rujuta Diwekar (@rujuta.diwekar)

Benefits of iron

In the same video, Diwekar highlights the benefits of iron in the body. She says, T`he benefits of iron including better thyroid function, and improved ovarian functioning, and a better mood, along with good skin and hair health, along with better energy levels."

She adds that it is also important to avoid tobacco, cigarettes, and alcohol, which reduces iron assimilation, apart from overconsumption of black coffee. If you are consuming juices and smoothies every day, and not eating "real food" and taking laxatives too, then it will affect your iron levels. 

Even consuming too much of salad while avoiding real food, is also bad for iron assimilation. 

Last but not the least, Rujuta reminds that it is important to keep it simple and approach your meals with common sense.

Following the success of her pioneering Mom.Bod.Strong programme, Pal has now embarked on The Mom.Bod.Strong Festival titled Rani Tour, which is said to be India`s first pan-city fitness and wellness experience built exclusively for active mothers. 

Designed for mothers balancing ambition, family, health, and self, the festival tour brings a curated two-hour movement experience to five major Indian cities: Hyderabad, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Delhi, and Ahmedabad. 

In India, structured maternal fitness and recovery frameworks are still largely overlooked, with most women navigating physical and hormonal changes without guided support. Through the Rani Tour, Sucheta aims to bridge that gap by bringing science-backed, experience-led recovery into the mainstream. 

This philosophy is an extension of Rani Collective, her platform focused on redefining feminine strength and identity beyond traditional fitness narratives.

“We’ve reduced post-baby fitness to a before-and-after photo. But real recovery is internal because motherhood changes you biologically; your core, your hormones, your nervous system. That’s the strength we’re rebuilding,” says Sucheta Pal, Founder of Mom.Bod.Strong. “The Rani tour is about bringing that conversation into every city, on the ground, with women who want to heal and become strong from the inside out, not just chase a standard of looking fit.”

Each city will feature a two-hour immersive experience combining movement and education, drawing from a curated menu of Slow Strength, Sound Bath, Face Yoga, Dance Fitness, Power Pilates, Bandz Beats, Strong Nation, Aqua Dance, Stick Mobility, and Dance Therapy, each experience designed around movement, joy, and identity, not aesthetics or appearance alone. The tour aims to build one of India’s largest on-ground communities for maternal fitness, engaging over 500 women across cities and a combined estimated social media reach exceeding 1.5 million. While the experience is primarily designed for mothers, the tour is also for women looking to build awareness around maternal fitness and wellness.

Recognised by the President of India with the "First Lady" Award and as “Bharat Ki Lakshmi" by the Government of India, Sucheta Pal continues to be a powerful voice in India’s maternal wellness space, committed to helping women heal, rebuild, and rise stronger in both body and mind. Through Mom.Bod.Strong and this festival tour, Sucheta is not asking mothers to return to who they were but to rediscover strength in who they have become

While Hyderabad has already taken place on April 12, Mumbai is set to take place on May 3, Bengaluru on May 16, Ahmedabad on May 23, and Delhi on June 12. 

As per data shared by the authority, UV levels above eight, warranting an orange alert, were reported at Konni in Pathanamthitta, Chengannur in Alappuzha, Changanassery in Kottayam and Munnar in Idukki.

In addition, UV levels between six and seven, corresponding to a yellow alert, were recorded at 10 locations across the state.

Prolonged exposure to UV rays can cause sunburn, skin diseases, eye problems and other health issues, the authority said.

According to the advisory by Kerala State Disaster Management Authority, peak UV levels are usually recorded between 10 am and 3 pm, and people are urged to avoid direct sunlight exposure during these hours as much as possible.

Those engaged in outdoor work, fishermen involved in marine and inland fishing, water transport workers, bike riders, tourists, and individuals with skin conditions, albinism, eye diseases, cancer and weakened immunity have been asked to exercise extra caution.

The authority advised the public to use protective measures such as hats, umbrellas and sunglasses, and to wear full-body cotton clothing while stepping out during the day.

It also recommended taking breaks in shaded areas during travel and outdoor activities.

It noted that UV levels are generally higher in high-altitude and tropical regions and can remain high even on clear, cloudless days. Surfaces such as water bodies and sand can also reflect UV rays, increasing exposure.

Real-time UV index data from 14 monitoring stations set up by the authority is available online, it added.

Meanwhile, in view of rising temperatures in Thrissur and Palakkad districts, the India Meteorological Department has issued a heatwave warning for the two districts, the authority said.

Sirens were sounded after 12.30 pm on Friday in Thrissur and Palakkad, and in other districts where temperatures are generally on the rise, as part of the warning system, it added.

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Two to three of every 1,000 children in the United States are born with a hearing impairment, and it is estimated that more than half of these cases of early-onset hearing loss are caused by genetic mutations.

Developed by the American biotechnology company Regeneron, the treatment known as Otarmeni targets a rare form of hearing loss which affects around 50 newborns a year in the US.

It will be available for children and adults with severe-to-profound hearing loss caused by certain mutations in the OTOF gene, which encodes a protein critical for transmitting auditory signals from the inner ear to the brain.

While gene therapies are generally extremely expensive -- particularly in the United States, where they can cost several million dollars per patient -- Regeneron said it intends to offer this treatment free of charge to eligible American patients.

Administered as a single injection into the ear by a surgeon, the treatment has been hailed as revolutionary by parents of affected children.

"It`s absolutely incredible," said an emotional Sierra Smith, the young mother of Travis, a baby boy who received the treatment.

"He didn`t know his name. He couldn`t hear me tell him how much I love him. And now with Regeneron and this amazing surgery, he can listen to music, and he loves it, and he loves to dance, and he loves instruments," Smith said at a White House event celebrating a deal signed between the pharmaceutical company and the government on the price of its other treatments.

The clinical trial, in which 20 pediatric patients aged 10 months to 16 years were evaluated, at least 80 percent experienced a significant improvement in hearing after a few months.

The US Food and Drug Administration`s (FDA) accelerated approval of this treatment "signals a new era in the treatment of genetic forms of hearing loss, where reinstating 24/7 natural hearing is now possible," said Eliot Shearer, a doctor involved in the trial.

"I`ve witnessed firsthand my trial participant responding to their mother`s voice," said Shearer, a ear, nose and throat doctor at Boston Children`s Hospital.

Researchers analysed data from more than 11,000 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the US to examine links between chronic stress, late-night eating, and bowel dysfunction.

Individuals with a high allostatic load score — the cumulative physiological stress as reflected in body mass index (BMI), cholesterol level, and blood pressure — who also reported eating more than 25 per cent of daily calories after 9 pm were 1.7 times more likely to experience constipation and diarrhoea than those with lower scores who did not eat late at night.

"It’s not just what you eat, but when you eat it," said Harika Dadigiri, resident physician at New York Medical College at Saint Mary’s and Saint Clare’s Hospital said the study’s lead author. "And when we’re already under stress, that timing may deliver a ‘double hit’ to gut health," she added.

Similarly, data from more than 4,000 participants in the American Gut Project found that people with both high stress levels and late-night eating habits were 2.5 times more likely to report bowel problems.

These individuals had significantly lower gut microbiome diversity, suggesting that meal timing might magnify the impact of stress on the microbiome via the gut-brain axis — the two-way communication system involving nerves, hormones and gut bacteria.

The findings highlight associations rather than cause-and-effect.

Further research is needed to better understand how stress, eating patterns and gut health are connected, said the study.

Dr Dadigiri is sympathetic to those who reach for late-night snacks after long, demanding days, and as a medical resident, she counts herself among them. "Small, consistent habits, like maintaining a structured meal routine, may help promote more regular eating patterns and support digestive function over time," she said.

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With the liver acting as the body’s first major firewall, processing and detoxifying everything humans consume, there is a clear potential for these particles to enable the transporting of microbial pathogens, antimicrobial resistance determinants, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and carcinogenic additives into the human system, they emphasised in the Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology journal.

The article’s lead author, Shilpa Chokshi, Professor of Experimental Hepatology and Director of Centre of Environmental Hepatology, said that liver disease is rising globally and is now responsible for 1 in 25 deaths worldwide.

“While established risk factors such as obesity and harmful alcohol use remain central, they do not fully explain the scale or pace of this increase. This has led us to consider additional environmental factors, including micro- and nanoplastics, which may interact with existing disease processes and amplify liver injury,” said Chokshi.

There is already strong evidence that plastics can accumulate and cause harm in the livers of animals, raising an important question – why should humans be any different?

In the review, the researchers highlighted critical methodological bottlenecks, key knowledge gaps and unmet research priorities, as well as a number of technical challenges that are presently hindering the search for further evidence of plastic-induced liver injury.

Professor Chokshi that we now have a growing body of evidence that plastics can accumulate in human tissues and have been implicated in a range of medical conditions.

“From my perspective, having spent over two decades developing therapeutics for liver disease, the liver acts as the body’s gatekeeper – processing and detoxifying what we are exposed to. In an increasingly plastic-laden world, where plastics are closely associated with our food, water and air, these exposures may not only reach the liver but also interact with existing disease processes and amplify harm,” Chokshi explained.

If this is the case, it is something we need to investigate in much greater detail, said researchers.

Professor Richard Thompson OBE FRS, Professor of Marine Biology at the University of Plymouth, said this is further evidence that plastic pollution is, without question, a global environmental and health challenge.

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