In India, the Transplantation of Human Organ Act (THOA) came into existence in 1994 and formed the foundation of much-needed support for organ transplantation program in India. For a population of more than a billion, there has been an ever-increasing need for organ transplantation, as the death rate for patients suffering from end-stage organ damage has increased rapidly with no other treatment options other than an organ transplant. The Deceased Brain Death (DBD) rate in India has abysmally remained below 0.05 per million population for several years.

The hesitation of the people about organ donation came in the form of sociocultural factors, false beliefs, superstitions, lack of awareness and knowledge in the public domain. Further roadblocks in healthcare fraternity were in the form of lack of advanced knowledge, procedure and training of DBD, lack of effective communication with families, lack of institutional support, ethical issues and legal lacunae around life support and end-of-life care.