Climate change and other associated factors like dense urbanisation, increasing air pollution levels and limited access to adequate public spaces for children and pregnant women have exacerbated the impact of climate change in Kolkata as well as in 20 other Indian cities, according to findings by International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI)- South Asia and and the National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA).

The findings regarding Kolkata were particularly enlightening, revealing unique challenges faced by the city's young and vulnerable populations, as per the researchers contributing towards those findings.