Himalayan glaciers melting twice as fast: 2019 study

Melting of Himalayan glaciers has doubled since the start of the 21st century due to rising temperatures losing over a vertical foot and half of ice each year and potentially threatening water supply for hundreds of millions of people in countries including India according to a study published in 2019The analysis spanning 40 years of satellite observations across India China Nepal and Bhutan indicates that climate change is eating the Himalayan glaciers researchers saidThe study published in the journal Science Advances in June 2019 shows that glaciers have been losing the equivalent of more than a vertical foot and half of ice each year since 2000 double the amount of melting that took place from 1975 to 2000This is the clearest picture yet of how fast Himalayan glaciers are melting over this time interval and why said Joshua Maurer a PhD candidate at Columbia University in the USWhile not specifically calculated in the study the glaciers may have lost as much as a quarter of their enormous mass over the last four decades said Maurer lead author of the studyThe study synthesised data from across the region stretching from early satellite observations to the presentThe data indicates that the melting is consistent in time and space and that rising temperatures are to blame the researchers saidTemperatures vary from place to place but from 2000 to 2016 they have averaged one degree Celsius higher than those from 1975 to 2000 they saidResearchers analysed repeat satellite images of some 650 glaciers spanning 2000 kilometres from west to eastMany of the 20thcentury observations came from declassified photographic images taken by US spy satellitesThey created an automated system to turn these into three dimensional 3D models that could show the changing elevations of glaciers over timeThe researchers then compared these images with post2000 optical data from more sophisticated satellites which more directly convey elevation changesThey found that from 1975 to 2000 glaciers across the region lost an average of about 025 metres of ice each year in the face of slight warmingFollowing a more pronounced warming trend starting in the 1990s starting in 2000 the loss accelerated to about half a metre annuallyResearchers noted that Asian nations are burning evergreater loads of fossil fuels and biomass sending soot into the sky adding much of it eventually lands on snowy glacier surfaces where it absorbs solar energy and hastens meltingThey compiled temperature data during the study period from ground stations and then calculated the amount of melting that observed temperature increases would be expected to produceThe team then compared those figures with what actually happenedIt looks just like what we would expect if warming were the dominant driver of ice loss Maurer saidThe Himalayas are generally not melting as fast as the Alps but the general progression is similar the researchers saidThe study did not include the huge adjoining ranges of highmountain Asia such as the Pamir Hindu Kush or Tian Shan but other studies suggest similar melting is underway there as wellThe researchers noted that some 800 million people depend in part on seasonal runoff from Himalayan glaciers for irrigation hydropower and drinking waterThe accelerated melting appears so far to be swelling runoff during warm seasons but scientists project that this will taper off within decades as the glaciers lose massThis the researchers said will eventually lead to water shortagesThe study shows that even glaciers in the highest mountains of the world are responding to global air temperature increases driven by the combustion of fossil fuels said Joseph Shea a glacial geographer at the University of Northern British Columbia in Canada who was not involved in the studyIn the long term this will lead to changes in the timing and magnitude of streamflow in a heavily populated region said SheaThis story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed agencies Midday accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability trustworthiness reliability and data of the text Midday managementmiddaycom reserves the sole right to alter delete or remove without notice the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever