Experts warn student detentions may leave lasting mental health impact

People hold a demonstration in Shivaji Park, Dadar West, in support of the protest at Jantar Mantar in New Delhi on Tuesday. PICS/ATUL KAMBLE

The detention of around 320 students - 70 to 80 of them minors - and the registration of 12 FIRs against nearly 950 since demonstrations were held in Mumbai in support of students protesting in New Delhi may have consequences extending far beyond the legal process, say mental health experts.

Dr Seetharaman Iyer, consulting psychiatrist, Sion hospital, said the human brain continues to mature until around the age of 23 to 25, with the prefrontal cortex - the region responsible for judgment, emotional regulation, and decision-making - being among the last areas to develop fully.

"When children are exposed to violence or traumatic community events, the brain's emotional centre, the amygdala, can become hyper-responsive, making them react more intensely when faced with similar situations later in life. Such experiences are recognised as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and can significantly increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and situational depression. Many may also turn to alcohol or drugs as a coping mechanism to reduce emotional distress, increasing their vulnerability to substance dependence. Witnessing violence can be psychologically damaging, highlighting the urgent need for early mental health intervention and supportive environments for affected children," he said.

How parents must react

Dr Seetharaman Iyer, consulting psychiatrist, Sion hospital

Parents should avoid reacting with anger, panic, or trying to interrogate children, Dr Tandel said. "Let them come home, settle down, eat, rest and make sure they ‘feel safe' first. Once they're comfortable, encourage them to talk, but don't force the conversation. The talk must preferably stay calm and non-judgemental. This can make a huge difference in how they process this experience. Most children should recover well with support and routine. However, it's sensible to get a mental health assessment done… if sleep problems, persistent anxiety, nightmares or a noticeable change in behaviour continues for a few days or weeks," Dr Tandel added.

Immediate action

"Family members must take care of children after they are freed. Observe their behaviour. Being withdrawn or aggressive or voicing death wishes are red flag signs and should be managed along with experts such as psychiatrists or psychologists," said Dr Rashmi Joshi, consulting psychologist.

Police Speak

Sanjay Mohite, ACP, Worli division
No one checked their ages while detaining them. They were detained based on their behaviour. But, we agree some were minors. We have ensured that the minor students were freed from detention quickly.

‘Reactions may vary'

Dr Kirti Tandel, consulting psychiatrist. Pics/By Special Arrangement

Dr Kirti Tandel, consulting psychiatrist, said being taken into custody may get overwhelming for minors and teenagers, even if it was only for a few hours. "Depending on their personality, age, and previous experiences, some may come out absolutely fine while others may feel scared, anxious, guilty, or embarrassed… they might keep replaying the incident in their mind for a few days," he said.