22 July,2026 08:13 AM IST | Mumbai | Eeshanpriya MS
Mahavitaran employees visit housing societies to promote the usage of smart meters
As smart meters roll out across Maharashtra, the transition has sparked several consumer rights disputes about whether the promise of a modernised grid is clashing with the reality of becoming an obstacle compromising access for senior citizens, the differently abled, or those lacking smartphones.
Amid concerns of cyber security, data privacy, and protection mechanisms for intimate household energy data, officials of the Maharashtra energy department claimed that use of smart meters is a fairly simple procedure meant to bring transparency and simplification of data collection. A senior official said, "Citizens have several misconceptions about smart meters, stemming from a lack of awareness. This does not compromise their privacy or data security."
Officials seek to create awareness about the digital devices
According to the official, smart meters communicate near-real time electricity consumption data and are supposed to do this at a 15-minute interval. Eventually, citizens will be able to monitor their consumption in real time. Another official said, "The current digital meters also require manual intervention for data collection. It is collected on a monthly basis. With smart meters, this process is completely digital."
Because data will be recorded every 15 minutes, over the course of time, it will give service providers a clear picture of the time brackets during the day when data consumption is heightened - such as the late evening when the entire family is at home, and multiple devices are being used by everyone. This will help frame SOPs such as reduced tariff during non-peak hours. "However, this data cannot reveal which appliances are using those electricity units. The units registered on the server against consumption are not linked to any device. That remains anonymous," the officer added.
Smart meters installed in Vakola, Santacruz East. PICS/BY SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT
Those using their personal mobile app to monitor their consumption will be able to determine "by sheer logic" which appliance consumes maximum electricity. "For example, a user can notice on their app that the household data consumption is highest at a particular time or when they use the AC. But the service provider cannot determine these intimate details," the official said.
Each service provider has to install the smart meter, set up the system required to communicate data to their respective services, and ensure data protection. They have to also provide services for meter reading, maintenance, payment, etc.
In the case of the Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (MSEDCL), the data is accessed by the IT team only. An official said, "The data cannot be accessed by or sold to third parties in the way that several telephone service providers can share telephone numbers with third-party callers, such as call centres of private players for home loans, university admissions, donations, etc."
The official added that the storage of data should not be a concern. "This smart meter system is facilitating data collection. At present, data is manually collected from digital meters, which is also stored by the service providers for up to two years. The data is logged every 15 minutes; once the data is logged, it is used for billing purposes," the official said.
Every household can appeal through their respective service in case of concerns about a faulty meter reading. The statutory body Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission (MERC) is responsible for regulating the power sector in Maharashtra. Established on August 5, 1999, it functions under the guidelines of the Electricity Act to promote competition, efficiency, and economy in the electricity market. It regulates tariff, licensing, disputes, and consumer protection. It is headquartered at Cuffe Parade in South Mumbai.
If the system shuts down or malfunctions, only the automatic logging of data on the server will be hampered. The data is still stored as a meter reading. For that particular time frame, citizens will not be able to access their minute-to-minute consumption, but the consumption data can still be manually retrieved from the meter's reading for accurate billing.
Above the MERC is the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity (APTEL), the highest appellate body. MERC appoints the Consumer Grievance Redressal Forum to resolve consumer complaints against electricity distribution companies that could not be settled by the internal customer care channels.
Addressing fears about immediate disconnection of electricity over unpaid bills, an official said, "Remote disconnection is now possible. But no officer or government authority can simply disconnect an electricity connection after the smart meter roll out, because someone did not pay their bill, or their (prospective consumer service item) prepaid balance got over. The legal procedure will still be followed, including 15-day notice and a grace period."
According to Section 56 of the Indian Electricity Act 2003, utility firms must issue a written 15-day notice before disconnecting power for unpaid bills. Immediate disconnection without notice is illegal, except in cases of meter tampering or electricity theft, according to information from the department.
The official said smart meters have digitally transformed data collection and transparency, but the framework has retained the original mechanisms for consumers. An official said, "We are slowly phasing out paper bills. At present, some households still get their paper bills, but in due course of time this will stop. But even with the current digital meters, citizens can still access their bills on a monthly basis online via the website, QR code, Google Pay, BharatPe, etc. Those who are completely digitally challenged can still visit their nearest facilitation centres and pay the bill in cash. This mechanism is retained in the smart meter roll out." While smart meters can track energy use and prevent power surges, conventional electric meters do no such thing. They only record electricity use, readings of which help generate monthly bills.
Special solar-hour rebate: Consumers receive a time-of-day discount of 85 paise per unit for electricity consumed between 9 am and 5 pm (as per MSEDCL rates). The rebate is automatically reflected in the electricity bill. Basically, smart meters enable dynamic pricing models, where energy costs vary based on demand and supply, allowing consumers to take advantage of lower rates during off-peak times.
>> Accurate billing: Since meter readings are captured digitally without any human intervention, the possibility of incorrect or estimated bills is eliminated.
>> Better control over consumption: Consumers can monitor their daily and hourly electricity usage through a mobile app at any time, helping them plan and reduce their power consumption.
>> Faster fault detection: Technical faults and power supply interruptions are instantly detected by power companies, enabling quicker identification and restoration of services.
>> Real-time monitoring: Smart meters allow consumers to monitor their energy consumption in real-time, helping them identify high-usage periods and appliances.
>> Informed decision-making: With detailed insights into their energy usage, consumers can make informed decisions about how to reduce their consumption and lower their energy bills.
>> Peak time awareness: By understanding peak usage times, consumers can shift their usage to off-peak times when energy is cheaper, thus reducing their overall costs.
