The state home department, one of whose officials cited this figure, has issued a government resolution to bring down this number by withdrawing cases which are not likely to lead to a conviction
Charges Dropped
Maharashtra’s dismal conviction rate, which stood at a mere 15 per cent last year, and the fact that there are more than 18 lakh criminal cases pending in the 1,291 district and lower courts across the state seem to have finally jolted the state home department into action. Nearly 25 per cent, or about 4.5 lakh, of these cases are from Mumbai and the suburbs.
Shocking: Indians under trial exceed Dutch population
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Pic for representation
On May 12, the state issued a government resolution (GR) directing that the cases that are unlikely to stand in the courts because of various reasons, like faulty chargesheets and the lack of evidence and documents, be withdrawn. The GR states that only the cases which can yield convictions will be tried so that the conviction rate gets a significant boost and the people involved do not have to suffer unnecessarily due to the pendency of cases.
Panels formed
High-powered committees have been formed at the district levels to review the cases that could be withdrawn. Similar committees at the tehsil level will assist district panels in screening the pending cases. The principal district and sessions judge will head the district panel, which will comprise the district collector, superintendent of police/commissioner of police, assistant director of prosecution/ public prosecutor and government pleader (as a member secretary).
Need for order: The move is aimed at ensuring that the conviction rate gets a significant boost and the people involved do not have to suffer unnecessarily due to the pendency of cases
Similar committees will work at the tehsil headquarters under the senior-most judicial magistrate. The panels have been given terms of references (see box), based on which they can review cases and recommend them for withdrawal to the home department, which will then seek the law and judiciary department’s advice for the final action (of withdrawal) under the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) sections 258 (power to stop proceedings in certain cases), 321 (withdrawal from prosecution) and 173(8) (Stalling further investigation).
‘Much-needed’
A senior home department official told mid-day that the people involved suffer unnecessarily in view of pending cases and the state’s conviction rate also takes a hit because of pendency. According to him, about one-fourth of the 18 lakh pending cases are from Mumbai and its suburbs.
“There are several reasons for the growing number of cases being filed in the courts. Our analysis has showed that the investigation officers file chargesheets fearing a backlash from the stakeholders in the case or the public if they fail to do so, even though they do not have enough evidence to prove the guilt of the accused,” he said, requesting anonymity.
The official added that the pending cases also need to be reviewed because the Supreme Court and High Court have issued directives time and again about what constitutes valid evidence.
Expertspeak
Senior Advocate Shrihari Aney told mid-day that any new idea (for clearing pendency) was a good thing, but feared that the utility of the panels would be limited. “Cognisable matters (offences) cannot be whisked away like that. The only way to deal with cognisable matters would be to amend relevant laws or make a special law.”
Aney said that the review should not be rendered useless or appear superficial. “I remember a High Court judge telling a government pleader that the pendency of cases was the court’s problem. I wish this doesn’t turn out to be superficial because the government will be dealing with the same setup it has been dealing with all along — the courts, lawyers and other machinery.”
Advocate Aseem Sarode doubted whether the panels would work in an efficient manner. “The judicial, administrative and police officials are already burdened with existing work. The new assignment will increase their workload further and, hence, the government should have independent experts on the panels,” he said. Sarode said that the panels (in case they don’t have independent experts) should ensure that influential people don’t benefit.
“They should work with a sense of responsibility and rationality. I expect fairness from them as it involves discretionary powers, which are usually questioned by the people,” he said. Former IPS officer Y C Pawar welcomed the review of pending cases. “I have been demanding a similar thing for many years now. Our judiciary is overburdened because of the cases that can be withdrawn easily. The panels have a right mix of people,” he said, adding that there was no need of independent experts on such panels.
15% Maharashtra’s conviction rate last year
1,291 The number of district and lower courts across the state
4.5 lakh Approximate number of pending criminal cases in Mumbai and its suburbs
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