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German scientists make electricity with water, pressure in silicon nanostructures

Updated on: 24 October,2025 08:42 AM IST  |  Berlin
Agencies |

Scientists in Germany have developed a triboelectric nanogenerator that converts mechanical pressure into electricity using water in silicon’s nanoscale pores. This breakthrough could enable efficient power generation in high-pressure environments

German scientists make electricity with water, pressure in silicon nanostructures

Porous silicon microparticles. Pic Courtesy/Haifa Shen lab

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Researchers in Germany have developed a novel way to generate electricity using water and pressure by harnessing the power of friction within the tiniest pores of silicon. Scientists have discovered that mechanical energy can be converted into electrical power through triboelectric generation.

The new process relies on water confined in nanometer-sized silicon pores, which act as the active medium for energy production. It could be applied in environments with high mechanical pressure.


The team developed a system known as the Intrusion-Extrusion Triboelectric Nanogenerator. It uses pressure to force water into and out of nanoscale pores repeatedly. During this process, electric charges separate at the interface between the silicon pore walls and the liquid, creating frictional electricity similar to everyday life.



When materials rub together, such as when walking across a PVC carpet and touching a metal doorknob, electrons transfer between surfaces, creating a static charge that discharges as a small electric shock. The new process replicates this effect but harnesses it in a controlled, efficient, and continuous way to generate electricity.

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