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Early exposure to air, light pollution may raise paediatric thyroid cancer risk
Early-life exposure to small particle air pollution and outdoor artificial light at night could increase the risk of paediatric thyroid cancer, a new study led by researchers at Yale University in the US has suggested. The team found a “significant association” between exposure to ambient fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) and outdoor artificial light at night (O-ALAN) and increased risk of papillary thyroid cancer in children and young adults up to 19 years old, according to the study published in Environmental Health Perspectives. The exposures occurred during the perinatal stage of life, typically defined as the time from when pregnancy occurs up to a year after birth. “These results are concerning, especially given how widespread both of these exposures are,” said Dr Nicole Deziel, an environmental epidemiologist with the Yale School of Public Health (YSPH) and the study’s lead author. Fine particulate matter is found in urban air pollution due to automobile traffic and industrial activity, and artificial light at night is common, particularly in densely populated urban areas, Deziel added. The research team analysed data from 736 individuals diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer before age 20 and 36,800 matched control participants based on birth year. Using advanced geospatial and satellite modelling, the team assessed individual-level exposure to PM2.5 and O-ALAN based on residential location at birth. All of the study participants were from California. The findings showed that for every 10 micrograms per cubic meter increase in PM2.5 exposure, the odds of developing thyroid cancer rose by 7 per cent overall. The strongest association between exposure and thyroid cancer was found among teenagers (15–19 years of age) and Hispanic children. Similarly, children born in areas with high levels of exposure to outdoor light at night were 23–25 per cent more likely to develop thyroid cancer, according to the study. "Thyroid cancer is among the fastest growing cancers among children and adolescents, yet we know very little about what causes it in this population," said Deziel, an associate professor of epidemiology (environmental health sciences) and co-director of the Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology. The study is the first large-scale investigation to suggest that these exposures early in life — specifically to PM2.5 and outdoor light at night —may play a role in this concerning trend. The researchers emphasised that more work is needed to replicate and expand on their findings, ideally using improved exposure metrics and longitudinal designs. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
19 April,2025 02:07 PM IST | Mumbai | IANS
Boy who couldn't poop for 2 yrs finds relief, and other Mumbai medical miracles
Every other week, we hear of people suffering from terminal diseases and that can often be difficult for many beyond the families to deal with, as they know of someone close who may have also suffered similarly. Even as they stories come to light, there are others that give us hope as they are nothing short of medical expertise and in many cases miracles for the families, who were dealing with tough times. Here are some inspiring medical stories from the week: Boy who couldn't poop finds reliefA two-year-old child suffering from a congenital condition that made him unable to pass stool naturally since birth has been successfully treated at a Mumbai hospital recently. The child, who had been solely dependent on daily enemas for over two years due to Hirschsprung’s disease, is now leading a normal life after the procedure. He is free from abdominal pain and swelling, without any external stitches, and no longer needs further medical intervention. The case came to light a few months ago when Mr and Mrs Vaidya (name changed), who were overjoyed with the birth of their first child, Aryan (name changed), but soon found out that he was facing difficulty passing stool. While he was a cheerful and playful baby, after he turned one month, they began noticing that he was struggling with severe constipation, which soon became a constant cause of concern. He was unable to pass stool for as long as 8 days. Despite multiple medications and daily enemas given by their family doctor at Nashik, his condition never improved. His tummy often swelled with gas, and his weight gain remained poor. The family travelled from Nashik to Mumbai in December 2024 and consulted Dr Vibhor Borkar who suspected Hirschsprung’s disease. A few diagnostic tests like barium enema, endoscopy biopsy, and manometry confirmed the condition. Dr Borkar, paediatric gastroenterologist at Gleneagles Hospital in Parel, said, “Hirschsprung’s disease occurs when nerve cells (ganglion cells) in the lower part of the large intestine fail to develop, causing stool to accumulate, causing blockage and leading to chronic constipation. Hirschsprung’s disease affects 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 children. There is no medical management for this condition, and it can even become life-threatening due to infections. In very young babies, delayed passage of the first green potty (meconium) can be an early sign. Older children usually suffer from swollen stomachs, vomiting, poor weight gain, and constant constipation while some may suffer from infections. Standard treatment requires major surgery that is either open or laparoscopic where the affected part of the intestine is removed and rejoined. However, in this child’s case, we used a minimally invasive technique called Per-rectal Endoscopic Myotomy (PREM), which avoids any external scarring. The child is free of symptoms, eating well, and passing stools without the requirement of enema. Not treating the child at the right time could have led to complications like enterocolitis, infection, and poor weight gain. Though this is a congenital condition, antenatal diagnosis is extremely difficult and the child becomes symptomatic after birth only. Dr. Shankar Zanwar, who is interventional gastroenterologist on the case, added, “The child had a congenital condition called Hirschsprung’s disease, where the last part of the intestine lacks the necessary nerve cells, preventing stool from passing. As a result, the portion above it keeps enlarging, like a blocked pipe building pressure. When the child came from Nashik to us in Mumbai, he was extremely uncomfortable, his stomach was swollen, and he couldn’t pass stool without daily enemas. After confirming the diagnosis through manometry and biopsy, we treated the child using an advanced endoscopic technique known as Per-Rectal Endoscopic Myotomy (PREM). Dr Zanwar added, "This procedure is done under general anesthesia where we were helped by Dr Aditya Prabhudesai and Dr Dhanashree Karkhanis. The whole procedure is done endoscopically where a small cut is made just inside the anus of the patient. From this cut a tunnel was made within the layers of the intestine and a nonfunctional segment of the intestine which lacks nerves was cut internally. The entry cut is then closed with clips. As the procedure is done endoscopically no scar or cut is seen on the body surface and the patient is pain-free after the procedure. The entire procedure lasted 3 hours. This procedure allowed us to manage the condition without traditional open surgery. Globally, only 13 such procedures have been reported, and this is the first case to be treated by the endoscopic method in Mumbai. Everything was done internally through an endoscope and there were no cuts or stitches outside. Within two days, the child was discharged and no longer needed enemas. His stomach has flattened, and he now passes stool normally. This procedure has truly changed his life.” "My son Aryan was fine after birth. However, after a year, he started having constipation and was in pain. Our family doctor referred us to Dr Vibhor. His biopsy revealed Hirschsprung’s disease. After successful treatment, my son is fine now and is able to pass his bowels without any difficulty. We thank Dr Vibhor and Dr Shankar for their timely intervention," said Mrs Vaidya. Dutch woman treated with Cell-based therapy for Parkinson’s Disease in Navi MumbaiA woman from Holland had been living with the painful symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease for years such as stiffness, tremors, slurred speech, and balance issues for 11 years before she was diagnosed two years ago. Now, she has been successfully treated at a Navi Mumbai hospital to lead a healthy life. A team led by Dr Pradeep Mahajan, regenerative medicine researcher and founder of StemRx Hospital & Research Centre has successfully treated the woman with advanced cell-based therapy. Despite trying traditional treatments back home, her symptoms only grew stronger with time. Her health deteriorated as buttoning a shirt, pouring a glass of water, or simply standing up became daily challenges. She often found herself withdrawing from social gatherings, unable to keep up with conversations or the pace of others. She came to India in 2023, and under the guidance of Dr Mahajan, was introduced to a holistic approach that aimed not just to mask her symptoms but to treat the root cause of her condition. Dr Mahajan explained, “Parkinson’s affects people deeply physically, emotionally, and socially. Our approach through regenerative medicine focuses on reviving the dopamine-producing cells in the brain that have been damaged over time. We use a combination of stem cell therapy, neuro-rehabilitation, and physiotherapy to help patients regain control of their movement and improve overall brain function. The treatment uses stem cells to repair damaged brain tissue and growth factors to boost dopamine production, the chemical most impacted in Parkinson’s. This approach differs from conventional therapies, which offer only temporary symptom relief. Instead, regenerative medicine aims at long-term recovery and improved quality of life.” Dr Mahajan added, “In Anne’s case, the results were transformative. After starting physiotherapy and cell therapy, her balance improved, her pain reduced, and even the persistent cramps she once endured began to fade. Her journey from fear and physical exhaustion to renewed strength and hope has become a beacon for other Parkinson’s patients seeking alternative therapies. Today, Anne is walking steadier, speaking clearer, and living with renewed confidence and proof that with the right care and innovation, even the toughest challenges can be met with courage and healing."
18 April,2025 03:44 PM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondent
Liver Day: Docs say young adults with diabetes at greater risk of liver diseases
Liver diseases like hepatitis, fatty liver and cirrhosis are increasingly being seen in young adults aged 23-35, especially those with Type 2 diabetes. Every year, World Liver Day is observed on April 19 around the globe to raise awareness and promote liver health, as well as educate people about liver diseases, risk factors, and how to prevent them, according to the World Liver Day organisation. According to experts, the growing number of liver-related complications in diabetic youth is a major cause for concern and requires timely intervention. There is a surge in cases of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver cirrhosis in younger adults, a shift from the older age group that traditionally battled these diseases. Doctors explain that diabetes is silently damaging the Liver, leading to scarring (fibrosis) and, eventually, irreversible cirrhosis if left unmanaged. Hence, early screening, lifestyle changes, and proper diabetes control to prevent long-term liver damage and improve the quality of life. Dr Vibha Varma, consultant and head of liver transplant and hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgeon, Lilavati Hospital in Bandra said, "Obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, and high cholesterol are on the rise to the extent that it is becoming an epidemic as over 1/3rd of the global population is affected by them. Liver disease is no longer a disease of the elderly. Young, productive workforce, involved in economic growth are getting affected by liver disease. Metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) is the name given to fatty liver disease linked to these health problems. MASLD can lead to advanced liver disease (cirrhosis, scarring of the liver), and become a precursor for liver cancer if remains untreated. Unfortunately, in the early stages, this disease does not present with symptoms. However, it is preventable and reversible in the early stages. It is a matter of healthy lifestyle, healthy nutrition, and awareness. Some of the reasons attributed to this rise in liver disease in the young population are related to the lifestyle (sedentary, chair work, no physical activity, lack of adequate sleep), food habits (ultra-processed food, high in carbohydrates, quick fix diets), and addictions (alcohol intake). What you eat today decides your liver health in the future. Small achievable changes in diet and nutrition can reverse even years of liver damage in the early stage of the disease. Dr Tushar Rane, consulting cardio-diabetes physician at Apollo Spectra in Chembur, said, "Youngsters aged 23-35 with Type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop liver-related complications. One of the major concerns is Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), which silently damages the liver over the years. If not treated in time, NAFLD can progress to liver cirrhosis, which is permanent and dangerous. 50 per cent of youngsters are known to have abnormal blood sugar levels and diabetes. There is around a 20 per cent surge in liver problems in youngsters with diabetes. In a month, 5 out of 10 patients with liver damage have diabetes and are advised treatment inclusive of medication, and lifestyle changes such as maintaining an optimum weight, eating a nutritious diet, and exercising daily. Early lifestyle intervention is the key to avoiding liver problems in those with diabetes.” Dr Neeta Shah, diabetologist, Zynova Shalby Hospital in Ghatkopar West, highlighted, “Diabetes doesn’t just affect the pancreas but even the liver as well. Pancreas and liver are two wheels of a cycle reinforcing each other in development and progression of diabetes each wheel accelerating the other in the vicious circle. High blood glucose, poor diet, and sedentary habits cause fat to build up in the liver and pancreas, which leads to inflammation and scarring. Over time, this results in cirrhosis, a stage where the liver cannot heal itself. 30 per cent of youngsters aged 23-35 are struggling with abnormal blood sugar levels and diabetes. There is about a 15 per cent surge in liver problems in youngsters with pre-existing diabetes. In a month, 3 out of 10 patients with liver damage have diabetes. So, young diabetics must follow the treatment and management as suggested by the doctor." So, what steps can people take? Dr Vibha recommends, "A diet that has high fibre, low in sugar and saturated fats, rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats like olive oil will support a healthy liver. If you are heavy around your waist, seeking healthy food habits along with lifestyle changes (physical activity, exercise) and losing even 5-10 per cent of body weight can cause a significant reduction in the grade of fatty liver and potentially reverse early changes of liver damage. Also, adopting healthy meals can cut down about 50 per cent of the risk of developing liver disease in the future. Silent liver diseases like fatty liver are associated with obesity, and ever-increasing incidence of diabetes, hence needs attention by adopting healthy lifestyle and food habits." "It is essential to spread awareness about mindful eating, healthy food for the liver, and screening in case you have diabetes, fatty liver, and obesity. If you feel you are suffering from any signs of liver disease (easy fatiguability, yellowish discolouration of eyes, or weight loss) act, seek help, and screen, you might be in a stage where simple measures could reverse the disease. You will also be able to prevent future distressing liver health issues, where the medications might not help and liver transplant (replacing bad liver with a new liver) becomes your only chance to get cured,” Dr Vibha concludes.
18 April,2025 12:03 PM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondent
Fixing dietary habits can cut liver disease risk by 50 pc: Experts
Medical experts on Friday emphasised the critical link between dietary habits and liver health, saying that healthy changes today can cut liver disease risk by 50 per cent. Ahead of the World Liver Day which falls on April 19, healthcare experts said that food is medicine, as cases of liver diseases among both urban and rural populations rise in the country. Doctors said that liver disease is no longer confined to alcohol abuse — there is a worrying rise in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to unhealthy eating patterns, obesity, and lack of exercise. A recent large-scale study published in Frontiers in Nutrition has reinforced the critical role of diet in liver health. Analysing data from over 121,000 participants in the UK Biobank, researchers found that individuals consuming diets with higher pro-inflammatory potential— measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) — had a 16 per cent increased risk of developing chronic liver disease (CLD). Adherence to anti-inflammatory dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet and those scoring high on the Healthy Eating Index 2020, was associated with a reduced risk of CLD. "About 50 per cent of liver disease cases can be prevented simply by changing food habits and improving nutrition. Damage done to liver from poor dietary choices, alcohol, processed food, and sedentary lifestyles can be reversed if we take action today,” said Dr Sanjiv Saigal, President, Liver Transplantation Society of India (LTSI). The liver has a remarkable ability to heal itself, and even years of damage can be reversed with the right lifestyle changes. A diet rich in fresh fruits, green vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein not only prevents liver disease but also supports liver regeneration. “As doctors, we witness miracles when patients switch to cleaner diets — liver enzyme levels improve, energy levels bounce back, and long-term health outcomes become significantly better. The first step is reading food labels and reduce your dependency on processed foods,” Saigal added. By choosing fresh produce, home-cooked meals, hydration, and mindful eating, we can keep liver diseases at bay. Sugar-loaded drinks, junk food, and fast meals are contributing to liver damage. Another recent study published in Nutrients highlights a concerning link between high fructose intake from processed foods and the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in obese children. The research indicates that excessive consumption of fructose, commonly found in sugary beverages and processed snacks, is associated with increased fat accumulation in the liver and insulin resistance. These findings underscore the urgent need to reduce added sugars in children's diets to combat the rising incidence of paediatric liver disease. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
18 April,2025 10:28 AM IST | Mumbai | IANS
Need to raise awareness, promote early diagnosis of haemophilia: JP Nadda
Boosting awareness, early diagnosis, and improving access to care is crucial to fight haemophilia and other bleeding disorders in the country, said Union Minister JP Nadda on World Haemophilia Day on Thursday. World Haemophilia Day is observed every year on April 17 to raise awareness about bleeding disorders. The theme this year is: "Access for all: Women and Girls Bleed Too". Haemophilia is a rare bleeding disorder where blood does not clot properly, even in minor injuries. “On #WorldHaemophiliaDay, let’s raise awareness about haemophilia and other bleeding disorders, promote early diagnosis, and improve access to care,” said Nadda, in a post on social media platform X. “This year’s theme -- “Access for All: Women and Girls Bleed Too” -- urges us to recognise the unique challenges faced by women and girls and ensure inclusive, equitable healthcare for all,” he added. On #WorldHemophiliaDay, let’s raise awareness about hemophilia and other bleeding disorders, promote early diagnosis, and improve access to care.This year’s theme — “Access for All: Women and Girls Bleed Too” — urges us to recognize the unique challenges faced by women and… pic.twitter.com/5OcMLdwIjV — Jagat Prakash Nadda (@JPNadda) April 17, 2025 India faces a significant burden of haemophilia, holding the second-largest patient population globally, estimated at around 1,36,000 individuals. Yet, “only 18 per cent are diagnosed, compared to 90 per cent in developed nations,” Dr. Tulika Seth, Professor - Haematology, AIIMS Delhi, told IANS. “Haemophilia is more than a bleeding disorder -- it’s a lifelong battle requiring constant care, timely diagnosis, and access to treatment,” she added. Seth cited the lack of awareness as the major reason for delayed diagnosis, which can lead to preventable joint damage. Each bleeding episode requires attention, and patients take a prolonged time for recovery and severe complications could occur if any bleeding is not attended. In about 80 per cent of cases, haemophilia manifests as bleeding, most frequently involving the large joints like knees, ankles, elbows, hip, and wrist, followed by deep bleeds affecting large body muscles. However, the most dangerous ones are bleeds affecting the head/brain, neck, chest cavity, and abdominal and pelvic cavity. The expert noted that medical advancements are transforming the lives of patients with the condition. While traditional treatments involved clotting factor replacement during bleeds, offering prophylaxis or preventive treatment, new non-factor monoclonal replacement antibodies like emicizumab are offering better protection with fewer infusions, especially for patients with inhibitors, Seth said. Last year, scientists at the Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) at Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore developed the first-in-human gene therapy using lentiviral vectors for severe haemophilia A. CMC-Vellore scientists also conducted the country's first human clinical trial of gene therapy for haemophilia A (FVIII deficiency). This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
17 April,2025 04:43 PM IST | Mumbai | IANS
New blood test offers hope for early detection of Parkinson's disease
Israeli researchers have developed a new RNA-based blood test for detecting Parkinson's disease long before symptoms emerge. Parkinson's is often diagnosed only after significant brain damage has occurred, when most relevant neurons are already lost, underscoring the need for early detection. The new method, detailed in the journal Nature Aging, measures specific RNA fragments in the blood, Xinhua news agency reported. It focuses on two key biomarkers: a repetitive RNA sequence that accumulates in Parkinson's patients, and mitochondrial RNA -- which declines as the disease progresses, said the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU). By measuring the ratio between these fragments, the test can identify the disease in its early stages. "This discovery represents a major advancement in our understanding of Parkinson's disease and offers a simple, minimally invasive blood test as a tool for early diagnosis," said Prof. Hermona Soreq from the varsity. "By focusing on tRFs, we've opened a new window into the molecular changes that occur in the earliest stages of the disease." In experiments, the test successfully distinguished pre-symptomatic Parkinson's patients from healthy controls with an accuracy of 86 per cent, outperforming current diagnostic methods. Notably, the study also found that levels of the first type of fragments drop after deep brain stimulation, linking them to disease mechanisms and treatment responses. The researchers said that this discovery paves the way for early interventions and treatments that could change the course of the disease, potentially improving patient outcomes through timely diagnosis and care. Lead researcher Nimrod Madrer emphasised the importance of early detection, noting that Parkinson's disease is often diagnosed only after significant brain damage has occurred. "This test has the potential to alleviate the uncertainty faced by patients and clinicians, offering a reliable and rapid method to identify the disease in its earliest stages," Madrer stated. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
17 April,2025 04:33 PM IST | Jerusalem | IANS
Ice-cold feet and heaviness in legs may signal varicose veins: Study
If you are having ice-cold feet and feel heaviness in the legs it may indicate the presence of varicose veins -- swollen, twisted, and enlarged veins in legs or ankles, according to a study. Varicose veins are usually caused by impaired functioning of the deep or superficial veins, and the perforator veins (short veins that link the superficial and deep venous systems in the legs). The prevalence of varicose veins ranges from 2 to 30 per cent in adults, with women at higher risk. Typical symptoms include sensations of heaviness, aching, throbbing, and itching; restlessness in the legs; fluid retention and swelling; muscle cramps; and leg ulcers in severe cases. Cold hypersensitivity is often underestimated as a subjective symptom, said researchers from Chung Shan Medical University in Taiwan. Their study, published in the open-access journal Open Heart, showed that moderate to severe cold hypersensitivity was associated with a 49-89 per cent heightened likelihood of varicose veins compared with no hypersensitivity. Similarly, four times as many people with varicose veins had heavy legs as those without the condition. Notably, job type was an influential factor in developing the condition. Jobs involving prolonged standing were associated with a 45 per cent higher likelihood of varicose veins. The association between cold hypersensitivity and heavy legs was significant. The team noted the link between sensation of coldness in developing varicose veins is often overlooked in clinical practice. “However, our study showed the presence of a moderate-to-severe degree of hypersensitivity to cold in the lower extremities, which has hitherto been underestimated as a subjective symptom associated with varicose veins," said Yung-Po Liaw and the team from the varsity, in the paper. “Of note is the significance of the concurrent symptoms of heaviness and cold feet. When these symptoms coexist, the likelihood of confirming the presence of varicose veins is notably amplified compared with individuals without such symptoms,” the team added. The study included 8,782 participants aged between 30 and 70 with moderate and severe varicose veins. They were quizzed about their hypersensitivity to cold in their feet and the extent to which they felt heaviness in their legs. In all, 676 participants said they had moderate to severe varicose veins. The team noted that this is an observational study, and as such can’t establish causal factors. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
17 April,2025 04:14 PM IST | Mumbai | IANS
Extreme heat may raise risk of schizophrenia, depression: Study
Rising temperatures may not only affect physical health, but could also increase the burden of mental and behavioural disorders (MBD) like schizophrenia and depression by almost 50 per cent by 2050, according to a new study. The research led by the University of Adelaide highlights the urgent need to act now to protect mental health as the climate warms. Published in the journal Nature Climate Change, the study shows that high temperatures contributed to an annual loss of 8,458 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), representing 1.8 per cent of the total MBD burden in Australia. Young people aged 15 to 44 are particularly affected, with most losses linked to living with poor mental health. "The detrimental impacts of climate change on good mental health and emotional states have been increasingly recognised worldwide, and it's only going to get worse unless we act," said lead author Professor Peng Bi, from the University's School of Public Health. MBDs encompass a broad spectrum of symptoms associated with distress or impairment in important functional areas, including an individual's emotional regulation, cognition, or behaviour, anxiety, depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, alcohol, drug use, and other mental and substance use disorders. "From mild distress to serious conditions like schizophrenia, rising temperatures are making things harder for millions," said Professor Bi. The study found that warmer regions, like those closer to the equator, face higher risks. "These results underscore the crucial role of policymakers in developing focused public health interventions to minimise the emergence of mental health impacts of climate change, given its significant human, social and financial consequences," said Professor Bi. "Our findings show that climate change will drive up mental health challenges beyond what population growth alone would cause," added first author Dr. Jingwen Liu. The researchers call for immediate action, including heat-health action plans to prepare healthcare systems for rising mental health needs, localised solutions, like community programmes and green spaces to build resilience and support for vulnerable groups, ensuring those most at risk get the care they need during hot periods. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
16 April,2025 11:44 AM IST | New Delhi | IANS
Chronic pain may raise risk of depression by four times: Study
People suffering from chronic pain -- or pain that lasts at least three months -- may be up to four times more likely to experience depression, according to a study. Almost 30 per cent of people worldwide suffer from a chronic pain condition such as low back pain and migraines, and one in three of these patients also report co-existing pain conditions. The study published in the journal Science Advances shows that having chronic pain in multiple parts of the body was linked to a greater risk of depression than having pain at a single site. "Pain isn't only physical," said Dustin Scheinost, Associate Professor of radiology and biomedical imaging at Yale School of Medicine (YSM). "Our study adds to the evidence that physical conditions can have mental health consequences," Scheinost added. The researchers from Yale University also decoded that inflammation may explain the link between chronic pain and depression. The team found inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation) helping explain the association between pain and depression. "This gives us some preliminary evidence about the inflammatory mechanisms underlying the association between pain and depression," said Rongtao Jiang, a postdoctoral associate at YSM. The team leveraged data from 431,038 participants in UK Biobank with 14-year follow-ups. The categories for pain sites included head, face, neck, back, stomach, hip, knee, and general pain. The researchers found that both types of pain from all body sites were associated with depression and that chronic pain was more strongly associated with acute pain. "We often think of brain health or mental health as separate from cardiac health or liver health, for instance," Scheinost said. "But all of these body systems influence each other." Further research into the underlying drivers of pain and depression could help scientists develop new intervention strategies, he noted. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
16 April,2025 10:51 AM IST | New Delhi | IANS
Heart valve disorder linked to elevated heart risk, says study
People with a certain heart valve abnormality may be at an increased risk of developing severe heart rhythm disorders, also known as arrhythmias, according to a study on Tuesday. Researchers from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden showed that the valve abnormality called Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias - a dangerous type of heart rhythm disorder that, in the worst case, can lead to cardiac arrest. The team found that the risk of arrhythmias persists even after successful valve surgery. MAD is often associated with a heart disease called mitral valve prolapse, which affects 2.5 per cent of the population and causes one of the heart's valves to leak. This can lead to blood being pumped backward in the heart, causing heart failure and arrhythmias. The disease can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath and palpitations. The study, published in the European Heart Journal, showed that people with MAD were more likely to be female and were on average eight years younger than those without MAD. They also had more extensive mitral valve disease. Although the surgery was successful in correcting MAD, these patients had more than three times the risk of ventricular arrhythmias during five years of follow-up compared to patients without preoperative MAD. "Our results show that it is important to closely monitor patients with this condition, even after a successful operation," said Bahira Shahim, Associate Professor at the Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet. In the study, the researchers investigated the risk of cardiac arrhythmias in 599 patients with mitral valve prolapse who underwent heart surgery at Karolinska University Hospital between 2010 and 2022. The study aims to further explore new hypotheses such as that MAD causes permanent changes in the heart muscle over time, and that MAD is a sign of an underlying heart muscle disease. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
15 April,2025 07:36 PM IST | New York
New oral antibiotic as effective as standard Gonorrhoea treatment: Lancet
A new pill has shown promise against antibiotic-resistant gonorrhoea - a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) -, according to a study published in the journal The Lancet. Cases of drug-resistant gonorrhoea have been increasing rapidly in recent years. If not treated promptly, gonorrhoea can result in serious complications, especially for women, in whom it can lead to increased risks of ectopic pregnancy and infertility. The new pill gepotidacin - developed by British drugmaker GSK and currently approved to treat urinary tract infections - could be the new treatment against gonorrhoea, as there have been no new antibiotics since the 1990s for the STI. The phase 3 trial, including 622 patients, found that gepotidacin is as effective as the current standard treatment for treating the infection. It protected against the threat of treatment-resistant gonorrhoea and also improved patient treatment experiences, said the international team of researchers from the US, UK, and Australia. The phase 3 trial compared gepotidacin, taken orally for uncomplicated gonorrhoea with the current standard treatment - ceftriaxone, an injection; and azithromycin, a pill. Importantly, the “new pill was effective against strains of the gonorrhoea bacteria that are resistant to existing antibiotics,” said the researchers concluding from the universities of Birmingham in the UK and Sydney in Australia. No treatment-related severe side effects were observed for those treated with either medication. “The new treatment could be an important tool in combating the rise of gonorrhoea strains that are becoming resistant to the standard treatment. Additionally, treatment as a pill alone without the need for an injection would likely improve patient experiences and reduce health care resources,” the team added. However, the team acknowledged limitations such as the study looking primarily at urogenital gonorrhoea and that most of the participants were white men. The researchers called for more studies to understand the efficacy of the new pill on gonorrhoea of the rectum and throat, and in women, adolescents, and diverse ethnicities. The finding was also presented at the annual conference of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) in Austria. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
15 April,2025 07:34 PM IST | New Delhi | IANS