Apart from the much-anticipated iPhone 16 series, Apple also launched the Apple Watch Series 10 and new features for AirPods Pro 2 at the ‘It’s Glowtime’ event on Monday in California. The company has added groundbreaking health features to its newly-launched Apple Watch which will deliver sleep apnea notifications, while its AirPods Pro 2 will feature the world’s first all-in-one hearing health experience. “With Apple Watch, we continue to offer our users the ability to uncover important health conditions with new sleep apnea notifications. And on AirPods Pro, powerful features put users’ hearing health front and centre, bringing new ways to help test for and receive assistance for hearing loss,” said Sumbul Desai, MD, Apple’s vice president of Health, in a statement. The sleep apnea detection feature is a first for the Apple Watch, beginning with the Series 10 model. It will be supported on Apple Watch Series 9, Apple Watch Series 10, and Apple Watch Ultra 2. The Cupertino-based company said the new sleep notification algorithm was developed using advanced machine learning and an extensive data set of clinical-grade sleep apnea tests. The innovative breathing disturbances metric will track users’ sleep, analyse sleep patterns and notify them in the event of an apnea -- a serious sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts. The breathing disturbances metric uses the accelerometer to detect small movements at the wrist associated with interruptions to normal respiratory patterns during sleep, and then notify users if it shows consistent signs of moderate to severe sleep apnea. Apple revealed that the sleep apnea feature will roll out in 150 countries once it receives approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the next few months. Other standard health features like the Afib alerts, cardio fitness, and the ECG app, from the previous Apple Watch models are also present in the latest model. The newly launched smartwatch is slimmer than its predecessor and features a larger display. It also offers the fastest charging time yet, reaching 80 per cent battery in just 30 minutes. For fitness enthusiasts, the watch includes advanced features such as a depth gauge for diving up to 20 feet and water temperature readings. The new Tides app provides real-time coastal data, making it ideal for surfers, swimmers, and fishermen. Further, Apple’s AirPods Pro 2 comes with active Loud Sound Reduction -- a clinically validated hearing test feature -- and an over-the-counter hearing aid feature. The first-of-its-kind software-based hearing aid feature helps make access to hearing assistance easier than ever at an approachable price point. The hearing test and hearing aid features are expected to receive marketing authorisation from global health authorities soon and will be available this year in more than 100 countries and regions. Since launching the Health app in 2014, Apple has introduced meaningful features that focus on 18 areas of health and fitness across Apple Watch, AirPods, iPhone, and iPad. (With inputs from IANS) Also Read: Apple Intelligence is the highlight of new iPhone 16 series: Find out more about the AI system
10 September,2024 03:58 PM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondentNational strategies aimed at preventing suicide should include measures to address social issues to prevent people from reaching "crisis point," even as clinical services for those in crisis are critical, argue authors of a new six-paper series published in The Lancet Public Health journal.The international team of authors, including those from the Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, called for a change in the narrative around suicide -- to move away from presenting it as a purely mental health issue and acknowledge the impact of social risk factors, such as poverty, domestic violence, addictions and isolation.This was particularly relevant for India, which released the National Suicide Prevention Strategy in November 2022, and grounded most of its proposed solutions within the mental health scope, despite police data showing that factors, including gender, employment, and stressful life events have important roles to play, the researchers said.The strategy is aimed at lowering deaths in the country due to suicide by 10 per cent by 2030. Objectives include setting up effective surveillance systems for suicide and integrating a mental well-being curriculum across educational institutions.Published on World Suicide Prevention Day, the series' authors described six aspects of a public health approach to preventing suicide. They included a model that looks at social determinants of suicide to show how suicide might arise."With over 170,000 lives lost annually due to suicide in India, addressing the underlying socio-economic pressures in addition to mental health is a critical national priority. By taking a public health approach and fostering collaboration among various sectors, we can create a more supportive environment that prioritises early intervention, reduces stigma, and ultimately saves lives," said series author Rakhi Dandona, Professor of Public Health at the Public Health Foundation of India.The public health approach should also look at national policies aimed at cushioning the effects of economic downturns, including maintaining minimum wage levels, and how exposure to instances of suicide -- either through media or in real life -- can heighten suicide risk, according to the authors.In one of the series' papers, the authors said there is a link between poor economic status and suicide in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).In India, more suicide rates are seen in men in states with higher levels of unemployment, they said and added that unemployment was one of the most important risk factors among women too.They also said that a model that accounted for farmers with marginal land holdings, indebted farmers, and the proportion of land used for non-food crops (or cash crops) could explain 75 per cent of changes in suicide rates between states.In another paper, the authors drew attention to "transmissibility of suicide" for arriving at optimal ways to address the issue. Transmission can occur when one is exposed to suicide-related information, including another person dying by suicide, which draws attention to or highlights specific suicide methods.They called for "restricting the cognitive availability of means through attention to media and other representations of suicide methods.""In simple terms, it means that media needs to consider if the reporting is necessary, how should it be reported that does not increase the risk for others, and is an accurate reporting of circumstances along with promoting help-seeking to those who need. Guidelines are available in this regard," Dandona told PTI.In the fifth paper, the authors described a range of interventions that might address four major risk factors for suicide -- alcohol use, gambling, domestic violence and abuse, and suicide bereavement.At an individual's level, there are signs that can be watched out for such as the language one uses while conversing, Dandona said."It is important to listen to what people have to say, the language of despair they may use to indicate these risk factors. Anecdotal evidence suggests that such statements highlighting suicidal thoughts are many times missed or not taken seriously," she said."This means that for these conversations to happen, people need to feel to be in supportive environment to be able to share what they are going through and to be taken seriously," Dandona said.Suicide is the third-leading cause of death among those aged 15-29 years and is estimated to claim over 7.2 lakh lives every year, according to the World Health Organization. About three-fourths of suicides around the world happen in low- and middle-income countries, it said.
10 September,2024 11:35 AM IST | New Delhi | PTIWith over 170,000 lives lost annually due to suicide in India, it is imperative to focus beyond mental health to prevent suicide cases in the country, said an expert in a new study published in The Lancet journal on World Suicide Prevention Day, on Tuesday. Suicide is a major public health challenge, with more than 700,000 deaths each year globally. India has one of the highest number of suicide deaths. World Suicide Prevention Day is observed every year on September 10 to raise awareness about the importance of reducing stigma and encourage open conversations to prevent suicides. The theme this year is “Changing the narrative on suicide”. In line with the theme, a new six paper Series published in The Lancet Public Health, argues that a change in the narrative is needed to move from presenting suicide as a purely mental health issue to acknowledging the impact of social risk factors. “Suicide so far, unfortunately, has been stigmatised as a crime, but suicide is actually a complex public health issue. Focus to date has been on mental health for suicide prevention, which is important, but we have enough data now to show that we need to broaden our focus beyond mental health for suicide prevention,” Series author Dr Rakhi Dandona, Professor of Public Health at the Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), told IANS. The Series highlights how clinical treatment services are critical for people in a suicidal crisis, but upstream measures that address social factors must also be included in national suicide prevention strategies to prevent people from reaching crisis points. This is particularly relevant for India, which released the National Suicide Prevention Strategy in 2022, with the experts in suicide prevention highlighting the need for the country to widen the way suicide is viewed to also include social risk factors -- such as poverty, debt, domestic violence, addictions, and social isolation -- alongside mental health. According to data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), 1.71 lakh people died by suicide in 2022. The suicide rate has increased to 12.4 per 1,00,000 -- the highest rate ever recorded in India. Worryingly, more than 40 per cent of all cases of suicides are among young adults below the age of 30. A young Indian dies by suicide every eight minutes, which is a loss to the family, society, the economy, and the future of the country. Data from the NCRB reports based on police records that are published every year highlight the reasons why people take their lives. Dandona noted these “include poverty, debt, financial hardships, domestic issues, domestic violence, family relationship issues, bullying, peer pressure”. The Lancet Series showed that in India, higher suicide rates in males are observed in states with higher levels of unemployment. Unemployment also appears to be one of the most important risk factors for suicide in Indian females. The suicide rate among unemployed females in India was found to be 94·8 per 100,000 people, compared with 12·6 per 100,000 people for professional or salaried employees, 11·6 per 100,000 people for those who were self-employed, and 4·3 per 100,000 for students. “All of these means that we really need to start thinking about suicide with a broader public health approach to address these risk factors for suicide within their social and economic policies to make that difference to this large number of suicide deaths that happen in India,” the public health expert told IANS. Currently, the suicide prevention programme in India lies under the National Mental Health Programme. The expert noted that it can continue to do so for mental health interventions, for suicide prevention, for those who are suicidal. “But we really need a larger whole government public health approach to ensure that people do not reach the suicidal stage,” Dandona said. “Addressing the underlying socio-economic pressures in addition to mental health is a critical national priority. By taking a public health approach and fostering collaboration among various sectors, we can create a more supportive environment that prioritises early intervention, reduces stigma, and ultimately saves lives,” the expert said.
10 September,2024 10:44 AM IST | New Delhi | IANSA report released by the Lucknow-based Nur Manzil Psychiatric Centre has found that India ranked 38 globally in suicide deaths. The Centre is a chain of psychiatric hospitals under a national mental health care organisation. The report also suggested that as per the National Crime Records Bureau, 12 suicides per lakh of the population was recorded in 2021; and Uttar Pradesh was among the states that experienced highest percentage increase in suicide rates that year. Organiser of the workshop and clinical psychologist at Nur Manzil, Dr Anjali Gupta said: “It is important for people to know, especially with growing reports of youths committing suicides these days - that it is not enough to relate the suicides to simply depression.” The report released for public referral and awareness by the psychology department of the establishment focuses on how timely intervention is key to preventing suicides. It details possible causes leading to suicide, warning signs of suicidal tendencies, resources and helplines for suicide prevention, and more. It describes suicide as “a complex public health issue affecting people of all the ages, genders, and backgrounds”. Before every suicide, the victims, particularly those suffering from chronic ailment, show symptoms which if understood and taken seriously can help prevent suicide, said experts. “Patients of chronic diseases suffer between severe and moderate depression levels. If the mood is from severe to moderate things are alright but when this goes from moderate depression to severe level, suicidal tendency can be witnessed,” said Dr Devashish Shukla, medical superintendent of the Kalyan Singh Super Speciality Cancer Institute and Hospital (KSSSCIH). Shukla, who is an expert in psychiatry, said: “Among basic symptoms you may notice that a patient has stopped talking to people around him, gets filled with hopelessness and feels tired quickly after doing just a little work. These symptoms become noticeable all of a sudden and without any visible reasons. If so, the family should get alert.”
10 September,2024 10:42 AM IST | Lucknow | IANSNight owls -- a person who is habitually active or wakeful at night -- tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI), larger waists, and more hidden body fat and thus are almost 50 per cent more likely to develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) than those who go to bed earlier, shows new research on Monday. Previous studies have indicated that late chronotype -- people who prefer to go to bed late and wake up late -- live an unhealthy lifestyle, and are at higher risk of obesity and metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes. The new study showed that a late chronotype had a 46 per cent higher risk of developing diabetes, which suggests that the increased risk of T2D can't be explained by lifestyle alone. "We believe that other mechanisms are also at play," said lead researcher Dr. Jeroen van der Velde, from Leiden University Medical Centre, in the Netherlands. "A likely explanation is that the circadian rhythm or body clock in late chronotypes is out of sync with the work and social schedules followed by society. This can lead to circadian misalignment, which we know can lead to metabolic disturbances and ultimately type 2 diabetes," van der Velde added. To explore, the team studied the association between sleep timing, diabetes, and body fat distribution in more than 5,000 individuals who were divided into three groups: early chronotype (20 per cent), late chronotype (20 per cent), and intermediate chronotype (60 per cent). The team measured all participants’ BMI and waist circumference, while visceral fat and liver fat were measured in 1,526 participants, using MRI scans and MR spectroscopy, respectively. About 225 were diagnosed with diabetes after a follow-up of 6.6 years. Late chronotypes were found to be at higher risk of developing diabetes, had a 0.7 kg/m2 higher BMI, 1.9 cm larger waist circumference, 7 cm2 more visceral fat, and 14 per cent higher liver fat content, compared with those with an intermediate chronotype. More visceral fat and liver fat were responsible for making people with a late chronotype to be at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes, van der Velde said. The findings will be presented at the Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Madrid, Spain (September 9-13). Also Read: National Nutrition Week: All you need to know about nutrition for women’s health This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
09 September,2024 11:26 AM IST | Mumbai | IANSThe rising consumption of processed and packaged food in India will likely affect health outcomes and policies may be required to regulate the nutritional content of these foods and promote healthier alternatives, a government paper has stressed. According to the paper, titled ‘Changes in India’s Food Consumption and Policy Implications,’ by the Economic Advisory Council (EAC) to the Prime Minister, across regions and consumption classes, “we observe a significant increase in the share of household expenditure on served and packaged processed food”. This increase was universal across the classes but more pronounced for the country's top 20 per cent of households and significantly more in urban areas. “While food processing is a growth sector and a significant creator of jobs, this rising consumption of processed and packaged food will also likely affect health outcomes,” the paper warned. The Indian food and beverage packaging industry is experiencing substantial growth, with market size projected to increase from $33.73 billion in 2023 to $46.25 billion by 2028, driven by factors like rising consumption. According to the paper, further research is needed to understand the nutritional implications of the growing consumption of packaged processed foods and policies may be required to regulate the nutritional content of these foods and promote healthier alternatives. The paper also analysed the relationship between nutritional intake and dietary diversity on the prevalence of Anaemia. “As expected, we found that average Iron intake was inversely related to the prevalence of Anaemia; however, we discovered a significant negative relationship between the prevalence of Anaemia and dietary diversity in sources of iron,” it noted. This strong inverse relationship was observed across state/UTs. The analysis revealed that policies that aim to reduce anaemia among children and women would need to focus on improving iron intake and, more importantly, consider the dietary diversity of iron sources. The report, however, acknowledged the limitations of excluding served and packaged processed food from the micronutrient analysis. “A separate study on this aspect is recommended due to its potential health implications. Further research could explore the relationship between dietary diversity and other health outcomes,” read the paper. The paper also observed a significant decline in the consumption of cereals in terms of cooked food by approximately 20 per cent, and this would be reflected in the average daily intake of micronutrients, because cereals are an essential dietary source for many micronutrients, such as Iron and Zinc. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
08 September,2024 07:48 AM IST | New Delhi | IANSPeople suffering from poor gut health with constipation and nausea for a long period may signal the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to a study that shows the neurological disorder may begin in the gut and not the brain. Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It affects an estimated 8.5 million people worldwide; and is majorly characterised by tremors, stiffness, and loss of balance. The study, published in the journal Cerebral Cortex, found that a history of damage to the lining of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract has a 76 per cent higher chance of developing Parkinson's. Trisha S. Pasricha, a neurogastroenterologist at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) in the US noted that science is yet to completely unravel how the gut exerts enormous influence on the brain. She said that decades before developing typical motor symptoms like difficulty walking or tremors, Parkinson's patients “experience GI symptoms like constipation and nausea for years”. To explore the "gut-first hypothesis", the team conducted a retrospective cohort study involving more than 10,000 patients who underwent an upper endoscopy (EGD) -- a procedure to image and diagnose problems in the oesophagus, stomach, and first portion of the small intestine -- between the year 2000 and 2005. After over 14 years, patients who suffered injuries to the lining of the upper GI tract, also called mucosal damage, showed a 76 per cent higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease The study highlights the necessity for heightened monitoring of these patients because it can open new avenues for early intervention and treatment strategies. Understanding the link between mucosal damage and Parkinson's disease pathology may be crucial to finding early recognition of risk as well as potential intervention, Pasricha noted. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
08 September,2024 07:28 AM IST | New Delhi | IANSRegular consumption of junk food -- rich in sugar, salt, and fat -- hampers micronutrient absorption in the body and leads to nutrient deficiencies, affecting overall health, said experts on Saturday. National Nutrition Week is observed annually from September 1 to September 7. The theme this year is ‘Nutritious Diets for Everyone’. A nutritional deficiency occurs when the body doesn't get enough of a nutrient from food or has trouble absorbing it. Junk foods typically lack the necessary vitamins, minerals, and fiber that facilitate proper digestion and nutrient absorption. Deficiencies can affect digestion, and bone growth, cause skin disorders, anaemia, dementia, nervous system damage, and more. “Consuming junk foods regularly can significantly hinder micronutrient absorption, leading to nutrient deficiencies. Processed and packaged foods often contain high amounts of sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats, which can displace essential vitamins and minerals,” Dr Narendra Singhla, Lead Consultant – Internal Medicine at the CK Birla Hospital, Delhi, told IANS. Junk foods often contain phytates, oxalates, and lectins, which can bind to minerals like zinc, iron, and calcium, inhibiting their absorption levels. Similarly, “the high sugar content in junk foods can interfere with the absorption of vital nutrients like calcium and magnesium, which are crucial for bone health,” Dt. Divya Gopal, Consultant – Dietician & Nutritionist, Motherhood Hospitals, Banashankari, Bengaluru, told IANS. In addition, the excessive unhealthy fats found in junk foods can impede the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K), leading to potential deficiencies, the expert said. The deficiencies in vital micronutrients can lead to fatigue, weakened immunity, and impaired cognitive function. Moreover, the consumption of junk foods can disrupt the gut microbiota, which plays a critical role in nutrient absorption and overall health. “A diet dominated by processed and junk foods can lead to inflammation in the gut, further impairing the body's ability to absorb essential micronutrients,” Gopal said. To maintain optimal health, it's crucial to reduce junk food intake and opt for a balanced diet, focussing on whole, nutrient-dense foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Also Read: National Nutrition Week: Uncover the hidden power of nutrition on women's health — An expert guide This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
07 September,2024 04:53 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSLimiting the use of mobile phones in making and taking calls may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, according to a top neurologist. Taking to social media platform X, Dr. Sudhir Kumar from Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, said that limiting mobile phone use, along with other healthy lifestyle measures may be good for boosting heart health. “It is useful to limit the duration of taking and making calls in order to reduce the risk of CVDs,” said Kumar. “Ensure good sleep and minimise psychological stress,” he added, while also suggesting to quit smoking. He said this citing a recent Chinese study, published in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology, which showed an increased association between mobile phone use and heart diseases like stroke, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure. The number of mobile phone subscriptions has increased dramatically worldwide in recent decades and surpassed 8.2 billion in 2020, according to data From the International Telecommunication Union. At the same time, heart diseases have also surged significantly worldwide, including in India. Data from the World Heart Federation (WHF) showed deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) jumped globally from 12.1 million in 1990 to 20.5 million in 2021. The study by researchers from the Southern Medical University in China showed that weekly mobile phone usage time was positively associated with incident CVD risk. The risk was partly “explained by poor sleep, psychologic distress, and neuroticism”, the study showed. Further, the team noted that “mobile phones emit radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs), which could induce hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis deregulation, inflammatory reaction, and oxidative stress” -- these can affect heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of CVD. The study included 444,027 individuals without a history of CVD. After more than 12 years of follow-up, CVD risk was identified in 56,181 individuals (12.7 per cent). Compared with participants who used a mobile phone less than 1 hour per week, those who used a mobile phone more than 1 hour had a significantly increased risk of incident CVD. The risk of CVD was also found to be higher in people with diabetes and current smokers. “Smoking and diabetes compound the risk of CVDs, and hence smokers should quit smoking and people with diabetes should keep blood sugars under control,” Kumar said. Also Read: Spend too much time in front of screens? That coupled with no exercise may lead to digital dementia This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
07 September,2024 12:06 PM IST | Mumbai | IANS
World Physical Therapy Day, celebrated annually on September 8, is dedicated to raising awareness about the vital role of physical therapy in promoting health, wellness, and quality of life. “Physiotherapy is a secret key to unlocking the path of better health,” poses Dhanalakshmi V, chief physiotherapist, Manipal Hospital (old airport road), Bangalore. Often associated with rehabilitation after injuries or surgeries, physiotherapy goes far beyond its traditional scope.“Physiotherapy has emerged as a powerful tool in improving both physical and mental health, offering a holistic approach that recognises the intricate connection between bodily function and cognitive well-being. This comprehensive approach extends far beyond traditional muscular and skeletal rehabilitation, providing a range of benefits that encompass mental health, cognitive function, and overall quality of life,” shares Shivangi Borkar, head of the department of physiotherapy, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and MRC. Ahead of World Physical Therapy Day, the medical experts will delve into the often-overlooked benefits of physiotherapy, extending beyond pain relief, and explore how physiotherapy can positively impact mental health, sleep patterns, and cognitive abilities. How can physiotherapy improve overall quality of life and well-being? Dhanalakshmi V: One of the major advantages of physiotherapy is its significant impact on physical health. Physical activity has been shown to improve mood, reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression, enhance mental function, and build confidence as well as self-esteem. Physiotherapy extends its scope to all age groups. Hydrotherapy in young kids helps improve strength and reduce hyperactivity. It also increases attention span in learning. Women’s wellness programs such as lamaze, post-delivery exercises, and pelvic floor rehab are known to have various health benefits. Over the years, geriatric (old age) support programs including fall prevention, and balance and coordination exercises are also gaining significant attention in the community for their significant benefits. Can physiotherapy be beneficial for individuals who do not have any specific health conditions? Dhanalakshmi V: We empower patients to learn, recognise, and develop the power to manage themselves through preventive strategies. Preventive physiotherapy involves taking proactive measures to protect your physical health and prevent potential physical issues that may arise in the future. This approach includes early assessments, personalised exercise programs, and education on maintaining proper movement patterns. Rather than waiting for injuries or discomfort, preventive physio focuses on strengthening your body, improving flexibility, and endurance, and reducing the risk of developing lifestyle conditions like hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, and heart-diseases. By establishing a regular routine of physical activity, these individuals can improve their overall health and well-being and physiotherapy contributes to every aspect of improving quality of life. How can physiotherapy help improve sleep quality and address sleep disorders? Dhanalakshmi V: Quality sleep plays a very important role in the optimal functioning of most, if not all, body systems. It is critical for tissue healing, pain modulation, cardiovascular health, and immune and mental function. Without adequate sleep, people can experience increased pain perception, depression, increased anxiety, attention deficits, and reduced quality of life. Most of the sleep disorders including Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome are associated with breathing disturbances and physiotherapy has a major role in providing appropriate breathing exercises and respiratory muscle training. This training aims to strengthen the pharyngeal, intercostal, and diaphragmatic muscles, which can reduce the collapsibility of the upper airway during sleep. Also, participating in low levels of aerobic exercise and progressive muscle relaxation techniques in those people enhances the quality of sleep. Further gentle stretching and myofascial release techniques for neck muscles, orofacial muscles, and temporomandibular (TM) joints can be useful in patients with Sleep Bruxism. Are there specific exercises or techniques that can be incorporated into a physiotherapy regimen to enhance sleep? Dhanalakshmi V: Physical therapists can educate patients about appropriate positioning for sleep called ‘Sleep Ergonomics’ considering the patient's diagnoses as well as addressing impaired bed mobility if needed. Pain is often considered to be one of the major contributing factors to poor sleep quality. Therefore, education for individuals about sleep positions for pain-free or pain-reduced sleep may help limit sleep disruption. For example, a person with lower back pain may benefit from learning to sleep on their side (sleep side-lying position) with a pillow between their knees or on their back (supine position) with pillows under their knees. This may help reduce the increased curvature of the back. A consultation with a physiotherapist can help you identify the underlying cause behind your lack of sleep and suggest a way to improve your sleep quality. How does physiotherapy contribute to improving mental health, and what specific conditions can it benefit? Borkar: Exercise, a cornerstone of physiotherapy practice, plays a crucial role in enhancing overall well-being, particularly for patients dealing with various neurological and psychological conditions. It's well-established that regular physical activity can improve mental health by boosting serotonin levels, making it an effective intervention for those with depression. The prescribed exercise routines in physiotherapy not only stimulate the release of endorphins, often referred to as 'feel-good' hormones, but also contribute to a sense of accomplishment and self-efficacy, further bolstering mental resilience. Chronic pain, a common issue addressed in physiotherapy, often has profound effects on mental health. By effectively managing and reducing chronic pain, physiotherapists indirectly contribute to improved mental well-being. The relationship between persistent pain and mental health disorders like depression and anxiety is well-documented, and alleviating physical discomfort can lead to substantial improvements in psychological state. Can physiotherapy help improve brain function and prevent cognitive decline? Borkar: The impact of physiotherapy extends into the realm of cognitive function and memory. Physical activity, as prescribed by physiotherapists, has been shown to have profound effects on brain health. Regular exercise increases blood flow to the brain, ensuring a steady supply of oxygen and nutrients crucial for optimal cognitive function. This enhanced circulation supports the growth of new neural connections, a process known as neuroplasticity, which is essential for learning, memory formation, and overall brain health. In the context of preventing cognitive decline, physiotherapy offers promising interventions. Studies have shown that regular exercise can increase the size of the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for memory formation. This structural change correlates with improved memory function and potentially reduces the risk of age-related cognitive decline. Physiotherapy techniques that focus on improving balance and coordination have been found to enhance the brain's processing speed and reaction time. These improvements extend to cognitive abilities as well. Dual-task training, where individuals perform physical tasks while simultaneously engaging in cognitive challenges, has shown particular promise in improving cognitive-motor performance and potentially slowing cognitive decline. Can physiotherapy help delay the onset of dementia? Borkar: While exercise may not prevent dementia, it can certainly delay its onset by enhancing cognitive functions. Various game-based exercises are especially effective in this regard, as they help improve attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. For example, physiotherapists might give a patient three words or objects to remember—such as "parrot," "dish," and "water." After engaging them in another activity, they can ask them to recall these words, which helps improve their memory. Cognitive exercises incorporated into physiotherapy sessions include building block towers to enhance attention span, copying geometric shapes to sharpen visual-motor skills, and solving puzzles or performing simple arithmetic to boost brain activity. These exercises not only target specific cognitive abilities but also provide engaging and varied therapy sessions, increasing patient motivation and compliance. Are there any specific exercises or techniques that can target cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving? Borkar: By incorporating a mix of physical exercises and cognitive activities, physiotherapists can significantly enhance a patient's mental function, confidence, and overall well-being. This integrated approach recognises that physical health and mental well-being are deeply interconnected, and addressing both simultaneously can lead to more comprehensive and lasting improvements. Specific exercises and techniques used in physiotherapy can target various cognitive abilities. Aerobic exercises, such as brisk walking, swimming, or cycling, have been consistently linked to improvements in memory and executive function. Coordination exercises, which require precise movements and hand-eye coordination, can enhance problem-solving skills and spatial awareness. Rhythmic exercises, including dancing or tai chi, have shown benefits in improving cognitive flexibility and processing speed. Resistance training, often incorporated into physiotherapy programs, has been associated with improved executive function and memory. The cognitive demands of planning and executing specific movements, combined with physical exertion, create a beneficial environment for brain health. Some physiotherapists also incorporate mindfulness techniques into their practice, which can enhance attention, focus, and overall cognitive awareness. Also Read: Physical inactivity on the rise: Experts share ways to incorporate exercise amid sedentary lifestyle and hectic schedules How can digital neuro-rehabilitation services enhance the benefits of physiotherapy? Borkar: Digital neuro-rehabilitation services are increasingly offering these types of interventions, especially for patients recovering from stroke, Parkinson's disease, and other brain injuries, providing them with valuable tools for recovery and mental fortitude. These digital platforms allow for more accessible and continuous care, enabling patients to engage in therapeutic exercises even outside of traditional clinical settings. The integration of cognitive exercises with physical therapy, along with the advent of digital rehabilitation services, represents an exciting frontier in healthcare, promising more effective and personalised treatments for a wide range of conditions affecting both body and mind. What is the importance of a personalised physiotherapy program? Borkar: From alleviating symptoms of mental health disorders to enhancing memory and potentially delaying the onset of dementia, the benefits of physiotherapy extend far beyond physical rehabilitation. However, it's important to note that while these exercises and techniques show great promise, the most effective approach often involves a personalised program. A qualified physiotherapist can develop a tailored plan that takes into account an individual's specific needs, health status, and goals. This personalised approach ensures that the interventions are not only effective but also safe and sustainable for each individual. As research in this field continues to evolve, the role of physiotherapy in promoting comprehensive health and well-being is likely to expand further, offering new hope and strategies for maintaining both physical and mental health throughout life.
07 September,2024 09:38 AM IST | Mumbai | Maitrai Agarwal
Migraines are a debilitating neurological condition characterised by acute headaches, often accompanied by nausea and heightened sensitivity to light and sound. While the exact cause of migraines remains unknown, research has shown that diet plays a crucial role in managing and potentially preventing migraines. By addressing nutritional deficiencies, identifying and avoiding trigger foods, and incorporating beneficial nutrients, individuals can find relief from this complex condition. In addition, maintaining proper hydration, eating balanced meals, and getting sufficient sleep are vital components of a migraine prevention strategy. As we observe National Nutrition Week, clinical nutrition consultant Neha Sahaya, and culinary nutrition and holistic wellness coach Eshanka Wahi delve into various aspects of nutrition and suggest dietary strategies that can empower individuals to manage their migraines effectively and enhance their overall well-being. Common nutritional deficiencies associated with migraines While the exact cause of migraines is multifactorial, certain nutritional deficiencies have been associated with an increased risk or frequency of migraines. Addressing these deficiencies can be an important part of managing migraine symptoms. Wahi shares five common nutritional deficiencies, and how to address them through diet and supplements. 1. Magnesium Role: Magnesium is crucial for nerve function and has a relaxing effect on blood vessels, which can help prevent migraines. Deficiency: Studies have shown that people with migraines often have lower levels of magnesium. Addressing through diet: Increase intake of magnesium-rich foods such as leafy greens (spinach, kale), nuts and seeds (almonds, sunflower seeds), legumes, whole grains, and avocados. Supplementation: Magnesium supplements, especially in the form of magnesium oxide or magnesium citrate, can be beneficial. A typical dose is 400-600 mg per day, but it's important to consult a healthcare provider before starting supplementation. 2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Role: Riboflavin is involved in energy production in cells and has been shown to reduce the frequency of migraines. Deficiency: Low levels of riboflavin have been linked to an increased risk of migraines. Addressing through diet: Include riboflavin-rich foods like eggs, lean meats, dairy products, nuts, and green vegetables. Supplementation: Riboflavin supplementation at 400 mg per day has been found effective in reducing migraine frequency. 3. Vitamin D Role: Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory properties and supports overall neurological health. Deficiency: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to chronic pain conditions, including migraines. Addressing through diet: Consume foods rich in vitamin D like fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), fortified foods (milk, orange juice), and eggs. Sunlight exposure is also a natural source. Supplementation: Vitamin D3 supplements can be considered, especially in individuals with low sun exposure. A healthcare provider should determine the appropriate dosage based on blood levels. 4. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) Role: CoQ10 is involved in mitochondrial energy production and has been shown to reduce migraine frequency. Deficiency: Some individuals with migraines may have lower levels of CoQ10. Addressing through diet: Include CoQ10-rich foods like organ meats (heart, liver), fatty fish, and whole grains. Supplementation: CoQ10 supplements (100-300 mg per day) may be beneficial for migraine prevention. 5. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Role: Omega-3s have anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce the severity of migraines. Deficiency: A low intake of omega-3s relative to omega-6 fatty acids may be associated with an increased risk of migraines. Addressing through diet: Increase intake of omega-3-rich foods like fatty fish (salmon, sardines), flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts. Supplementation: Fish oil supplements containing EPA and DHA can be considered. Please note that as with all supplements, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider to determine the right type and dosage. Identifying trigger foods Understanding personal dietary triggers is one of the primary steps in managing migraines. “Certain foods and ingredients are commonly associated with triggering migraine attacks, these include aged cheeses, alcohol (particularly red wine), chocolate, cured meats, food preservatives such as nitrates, nitrites, monosodium glutamate (MSG), artificial sweeteners like aspartame, and smoked fish. Each of these triggers can affect people differently; for instance, while some might find chocolate to be a significant trigger, others might not,” explains Sahaya.To identify personal triggers, she suggests keeping a detailed food diary which can prove to be incredibly helpful. “Recording everything you eat and noting any migraine symptoms that follow can reveal patterns and potential triggers. Once these potential triggers are identified, it is advisable to eliminate them from the diet for a period of 1 to 2 weeks. Gradually reintroducing each food item, one at a time, can help confirm whether they are indeed associated with migraine attacks. This methodical approach allows individuals to understand their bodies better and tailor their diets to avoid specific triggers,” explains the nutrition expert. Also Read: National Nutrition Week 2024: Planning to fast this festive season? Mumbai dieticians explain why nutritious eating is essential DASH for migraine prevention Adopting certain dietary patterns can also help in managing migraines. Sahaya suggests, “The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, originally developed to lower blood pressure, promotes whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products. This diet is rich in essential nutrients such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium, which may help prevent migraines. By emphasising whole, unprocessed foods and reducing the intake of high-sodium and high-fat foods, the DASH diet supports overall health and can reduce migraine triggers associated with poor diet.” Hydration and balanced meals are critical Dehydration is a common migraine trigger, tells us Sahaya as she emphasises the importance of staying well-hydrated throughout the day. “Drinking plenty of water and consuming water-rich foods like fruits and vegetables can help in preventing migraine episodes. It is especially important to hydrate before, during, and after physical activity, as dehydration from exercise can also trigger migraines,” she adds.Skipping meals or fasting can lead to a drop in blood sugar, potentially triggering a migraine, cautions Sahaya. She recommends eating regular, and balanced meals to help stabilise blood sugar levels, which is crucial for those who experience migraines. “Including a source of protein, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates in each meal can provide sustained energy and prevent blood sugar spikes and crashes,” she concludes. Lifestyle factors in migraine prevention In addition to dietary changes, certain lifestyle factors such as stress, sleep, and exercise can also play a significant role in migraine prevention. Below, Wahi delves into the impact of these lifestyle factors, and how you can leverage diet as a strategic tool to manage migraine. 1. Stress Impact: Stress is a common trigger for migraines. Chronic stress can deplete essential nutrients like magnesium and B vitamins, which are important for nerve function and energy production. Dietary interaction: A diet rich in magnesium, B vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acids can help mitigate the effects of stress. Omega-3s, for instance, have anti-inflammatory properties that can reduce stress-related inflammation. Management: Incorporating stress-relief practices like mindfulness, yoga, or meditation along with a balanced diet can help in reducing migraine frequency. 2. Sleep Impact: Poor sleep or irregular sleep patterns can trigger migraines. Sleep disturbances can affect hormone levels, increase inflammation, and lead to nutrient imbalances. Dietary Interaction: Certain foods and nutrients can support better sleep. For example, magnesium-rich foods like leafy greens and seeds can promote relaxation and improve sleep quality. Avoiding caffeine and sugar, especially close to bedtime, can also prevent sleep disturbances. Management: A consistent sleep schedule, coupled with a diet that supports relaxation and sleep, can be effective in managing migraines. 3. Exercise Impact: Regular physical activity can help reduce the frequency and intensity of migraines by improving circulation, reducing stress, and balancing neurotransmitter levels. However, intense exercise or dehydration can sometimes trigger migraines. Dietary interaction: Staying hydrated and consuming a balanced diet that supports energy levels is crucial. Electrolytes, such as potassium and magnesium, are important for preventing exercise-induced migraines. Management: Engaging in regular, moderate exercise and ensuring proper hydration and nutrition can help in the overall management of migraines. Dietary recommendations for individuals with irregular sleep patterns If you struggle with irregular sleep patterns, it may contribute to various health issues, including migraines. Wahi lists five simple recommendations to help individuals with irregular sleep patterns manage their migraines: 1. Maintain regular meal times Irregular eating patterns can disrupt blood sugar levels, leading to migraines. Try to eat at regular intervals, even if your sleep schedule is irregular. This helps stabilise blood sugar levels and prevent hunger-related migraines. 2. Choose nutrient-dense snacks Nutrient-dense snacks can provide sustained energy and prevent migraines. Opt for snacks rich in protein and healthy fats, such as nuts, seeds, yogurt, or hard-boiled eggs. These can help maintain energy levels during long shifts. 3. Focus on sleep-promoting nutrients Nutrients like magnesium and tryptophan can support better sleep, even if your schedule is irregular. Include foods like bananas, almonds, and turkey, which are rich in these nutrients. Herbal teas like chamomile can also help promote relaxation and sleep. 4. Avoid stimulants before sleep Caffeine and sugar can disrupt sleep, leading to migraines. Limit intake of caffeinated beverages and sugary foods before sleep. Instead, choose calming beverages like herbal tea. 5. Stay hydrated Dehydration can be exacerbated by irregular sleep patterns and night shifts, increasing migraine risk. Drink water consistently throughout your shift, and consider electrolyte-rich beverages if you’re particularly active or sweating a lot. Risks of combining migraine medications and supplements While supplements can provide additional support for migraine management, combining them with prescription migraine medications can have potential risks, warns Sahaya. “These risks primarily stem from possible interactions between the active ingredients in medications and supplements. For example, taking magnesium supplements in conjunction with certain medications can increase the risk of side effects such as diarrhoea or gastrointestinal discomfort. It is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before combining supplements with medications to avoid adverse interactions and ensure safe and effective migraine management,” she explains. Disclaimer: This information does not replace professional medical advice. Consult a qualified nutritionist or physician for personalised guidance.
06 September,2024 11:40 AM IST | Mumbai | Maitrai AgarwalADVERTISEMENT
